19세기 여성 비평문학의 출현과 그 의의 = A Study on Kim Kyungchun's Literary Criticism in the 19th Century: A Critical Approach to Its Appearance and Significance

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was attempted to show the characteristics and significances of Kim Kyungchun's article appended to the final page of Kim Keumwon's Hodongsunakki in the viewpoint that it could be considered as the first critical writing written by woman writer in the 19th century in Korean literary history.
Traditionally most of women writers used to be very good at creating poems. It is true there were some showing excellent abilities and skills in composing prose too, but the literary criticism appeared to be an exceptional genre which women writers did not make any attempts in Korean classical literature. As a matter of face there were not any works by women writers belonging to the fields of literary theory or literary criticism, and it was Kim Kyungchun who opened the way toward the literary criticism for the first time in Korea. It is in this regard that the great attention should be paid to Kim Kyungchun's article.
Hodongsunakki is a kind of travelogue and memoirs which Kim Keumwon, Kyungchun's elder sister, wrote what she experienced and felt while making tours from chechun(ho) and Kwandong Province (dong) in man's clothes, when she was 14 years old in 1830, to Yongman(Su) and Yongsan(nak) in 1845 after her marriage. Kim Keumwon completed this book in 1850, the very year her husband was appointed as a high official in government and had to leave Yongsan where Keumwon, Kyungchun and other three women poets, forming the poetical circle genecally known as 'samhojung sidan' enjoyed composition of poems.
Kim Kyungchun's analysis of Hodongsunakki was based upon next two aspects: the one is to study in detail the author's consciousness, considering literature as expression of one's mind; the other is her concern about the structure of the work. According to Kyungchun 'mind' means various kinds of emotion and feeling the author has from her everyday life. Kyungchun includes in the category of 'mind' some trouble, conflict, frustration, agony, sorrow and joy as well as will and spirit the author Kim Keumwon showed in Hodongsunakki. The 'mind' which Kyungchun mentions seems to be somewhat near to thinking of 'yangmyung Learning' in that it covers natural expressions of "joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure", but it appears that there are some distances between her 'mind' and that of 'Ii learning'.
Her concern about the structure of the work constitutes rhe other keypoint of Kyungchun's criticism She makes it dear that Hodongsunakki shows the transformation of the author's mind from unhappiness to transcendence, regarding the phrases of "the vastness of the universe and permanence of time" as brain, and "differences of things and those of lands, namely, mountains and rivers" as bone of the book It means the main point of Kyungchun's criticism lies in following the mind of the author in its content and at the same time having an accurate grasp of its structure in its form.
Her criticism, however, raised some problems disregarding the author's objective derailed descriptions concerning landscapes and matters she found through her excursions. It should be noted that there might be something imponant Kyungchun negkued, since Hodongsunakki could not be said a simple representation of her mind, but the faithful reproduction of what she saw and heard through her travels.
Kim Kyungchun seems to be an only woman critic who extended the scope of Korean classical woman literature and went beyond the limit of women writers, and it might be a duty of modern literary researchers to show the features of succession of literary criticism she opened up.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론
• 2. 김경춘의 《호동서낙기》 분석
• 3. 경춘 비평의 특성과 의의
• 4. 결론
• Abstract