Computer graphics : principles and practice

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION = 1
• 1.1 Image Processing as Picture Analysis = 2
• 1.2 The Advantages of Interactive Graphics = 3
• 1.3 Representative Uses of Computer Graphics = 4
• 1.4 Classification of Applications = 6
• 1.5 Development of Hardware and Software for Computer Graphics = 8
• 1.6 Conceptual Framework for Interactive Graphics = 17
• 1.7 Summary = 21
• Exercises = 22
• CHAPTER 2 PROGRAMMING IN THE SIMPLE RASTER GRAPHICS PACKAGE(SRGP) = 25
• 2.1 Drawing with SRGP = 26
• 2.2 Basic Interaction Handling = 40
• 2.3 Raster Graphics Features = 52
• 2.4 Limitations of SRGP = 60
• 2.5 Summary = 63
• Exercises = 64
• CHAPTER 3 BASIC RASTER GRAPHICS ALGORITHMS FOR DRAWUNG 2D PRIMITIVES = 67
• 3.1 Overview = 67
• 3.2 Scan Converting Lines = 72
• 3.3 Scan Converting Circles = 81
• 3.4 Scan Converting Ellipses = 88
• 3.5 Filling Rectangles = 91
• 3.6 Filling Polygons = 92
• 3.7 Filling Ellipse Arcs = 99
• 3.8 Pattern Filling = 100
• 3.9 Thick Primitives = 104
• 3.10 Line Style and Pen Style = 109
• 3.11 Clipping in a Raster World = 110
• 3.12 Clipping Lines = 111
• 3.13 Clipping Circles and Ellipses = 124
• 3.14 Clipping Polygons = 124
• 3.15 Generating Characters = 127
• 3.16 SRGP_copyPixel = 132
• 3.17 Antialiasing = 132
• 3.18 Summary = 140
• Exercises = 142
• CHAPTER 4 GRAPHICS HARDWARE = 145
• 4.1 Hardcopy Technologies = 146
• 4.2 Display Technologies = 155
• 4.3 Raster-Scan Display Systems = 165
• 4.4 The Video Controller = 179
• 4.5 Random-Scan Display Precessor = 184
• 4.6 Input Devices for Operator Interaction = 188
• 4.7 Image Scanners = 195
• Exercises = 197
• CHAPTER 5 GEOMETRICAL TRANSFORMATIONS = 201
• 5.1 2D Transformations = 201
• 5.2 Homogeneous Coordinates and Matrix Representation of 2D Transformations = 204
• 5.3 Composition of 2D Transformations = 208
• 5.4 The Window-to-Viewport Transformations = 210
• 5.5 Efficiency = 212
• 5.6 Matrix Representation of 3D Transformations = 213
• 5.7 Composition of 3D Transformations = 217
• 5.8 Transformations as a Change in Coordinate System = 222
• Exercises = 226
• CHAPTER 6 VIEWING IN 3D = 229
• 6.1 Projections = 230
• 6.2 Specifying an Arbitrary 3D view = 237
• 6.3 Examples of 3D Viewing = 242
• 6.4 The Mathematics of Planar Geometric Projections = 253
• 6.5 Implementing Planar Germetric Projections = 258
• 6.6 Coordinate Systems = 279
• Exercises = 281
• CHAPTER 7 OBJECT HIERARCHY AND SIMPLE PHIGS(SPHIGS) = 285
• 7.1 Geometric Modeling = 286
• 7.2 Characteristics of Retained-Mode Graphics Packages = 293
• 7.3 Defining and Displaying Structures = 295
• 7.4 Modeling Transformations = 304
• 7.5 Hierarchical Structure Networks = 308
• 7.6 Matrix Composition in Display Traversal = 315
• 7.7 Appearance-Attribute Handling in Hierarchy = 318
• 7.8 Screen Updating and Rendering Modes = 322
• 7.9 Structure Network Editing for Dynamic Effects = 324
• 7.10 Interaction = 328
• 7.11 Additional Output Features = 332
• 7.12 Implementation Issues = 334
• 7.13 Optimizing Display of Hierachical Models = 340
• 7.14 Limitations of Hierarchical Modeling in PHIGS = 341
• 7.15 Alternative Forms of Hierarchical Modeling = 343
• 7.16 Summary = 345
• Exercises = 346
• CHAPTER 8 INPUT DEVICES, INTERACTION TECHNIQUES, AND INTERACTION TASKS = 347
• 8.1 Interaction Hardware = 349
• 8.2 Basic Interaction Tasks = 357
• 8.3 Composite Interaction Tasks = 382
• Exercises = 388
• CHAPTER 9 DIALOGUE DESIGN = 391
• 9.1 The Form and Content of User-Computer Dialotues = 392
• 9.2 User-Interface Styles = 395
• 9.3 Important Design Considerations = 403
• 9.4 Modes and Syntax = 414
• 9.5 Visual Design = 418
• 9.6 The Design Methodology = 429
• Exercises = 431
• CHAPTER 10 USER INTERFACE SOFTWARE = 435
• 10.1 Basic Interaction-Handling Models = 436
• 10.2 Window-Management Systems = 439
• 10.3 Output Handling in Window Systems = 443
• 10.4 Input Handling in Window Systems = 447
• 10.5 Interaction-Technique Toolkits = 451
• 10.6 User-Interface Management Systems = 456
• Exercises = 468
• CHAPTER 11 REPRESENTING CURVES AND SURFACES = 471
• 11.1 Polygon Meshes = 473
• 11.2 Parametric Cubic Curves = 478
• 11.3 Parametric Bicubic Surfaces = 516
• 11.4 Quadric Surfaces = 528
• 11.5 Summary = 529
• Exercises = 530
• CHAPTER 12 SOLID MODELING = 533
• 12.1 Representing Solids = 534
• 12.2 Regularized Boolean Set Operations = 535
• 12.3 Primitive Instancing = 539
• 12.4 Sweep Representations = 540
• 12.5 Boundary Representations = 542
• 12.6 Spatial-Partitioning Representations = 548
• 12.7 Constructive Solid Geometry = 557
• 12.8 Comparison of Representations = 558
• 12.9 User Interfaces for Solid Modeling = 561
• 12.10 Summary = 561
• Exercises = 562
• CHAPTER 13 ACHROMATIC AND NOLORED LIGHT = 563
• 13.1 Achromatic Light = 563
• 13.2 Chromatic Color = 574
• 13.3 Color Models for Raster Graphics = 584
• 13.4 Reproducing Color = 599
• 13.5 Using Color in Computer Graphics = 601
• 13.6 Summary = 603
• Exercises = 603
• CHAPTER 14 THE QUEST FOR VISUAL REALISM = 605
• 14.1 Why Realism? = 606
• 14.2 Fundamental Difficulties = 607
• 14.3 Rendering Techniques for Line Drawings = 609
• 14.4 Rendering Techniques for Shaded Images = 612
• 14.5 Improved Object Models = 615
• 14.6 Dynamics = 615
• 14.7 Steropsis = 616
• 14.8 Improved Displays = 617
• 14.9 Interacting with Our Other Senses = 617
• 14.10 Aliasing and Antialiasing = 617
• 14.11 Summary = 646
• Exercises = 647
• CHAPTER 15 VISIBLE-SURFACE DETERMINATION = 649
• 15.1 Functions of Two Varables = 651
• 15.2 Techniques for Efficient Vicible-Surface Algorithms = 656
• 15.3 Algorithms for Visible-Line Determination = 665
• 15.4 The z-Buffer Algorithm = 668
• 15.5 List-Priority Algorithms = 672
• 15.6 Scan-Line Algorithms = 680
• 15.7 Area-Subdivision Algorithms = 686
• 15.8 Algorithms for Octrees = 695
• 15.9 Algorithms for Curved Surfaces = 698
• 15.10 Visible-surface Ray Tracing = 701
• 15.11 Summary = 715
• Exercises = 718
• CHAPTER 16 ILLUMINATION AND SHADING = 721
• 16.1 Illumination Models = 722
• 16.2 Shading Models for Polygons = 734
• 16.3 Surface Detail = 741
• 16.4 Shadows = 745
• 16.5 Transparency = 754
• 16.6 Interobject Reflections = 758
• 16.7 Physically Based Illumination Models = 760
• 16.8 Extended Light Sources = 772
• 16.9 Spectral Sampling = 773
• 16.10 Improving the Camera Model = 774
• 16.11 Global Illumination Algorithms = 775
• 16.12 Recursive Ray Tracing = 776
• 16.13 Radiosity Methods = 793
• 16.14 The Rendering Pipeline = 806
• 16.15 Summary = 813
• Exerceses = 813
• CHAPTER 17 IMAGE MANIPULATION AND STORAGE = 815
• 17.1 What Is an Image? = 816
• 17.2 Filtering = 817
• 17.3 Image Processing = 820
• 17.4 Geometric Transformations of Images = 820
• 17.5 Multipass Transformations = 828
• 17.6 Image Compositing = 835
• 17.7 Mechanisms for Image Storage = 843
• 17.8 Special Effects with Images = 850
• 17.9 Summary = 851
• Exercises = 851
• CHAPTER 18 ADVANCED RASTER GRAPHICS ARCHITECTURE = 855
• 18.1 Simple Raster-Display System = 856
• 18.2 Display-Processor Systems = 861
• 18.3 Standard Graphics Pipeline = 866
• 18.4 Introduction to Muliprocessing = 873
• 18.5 Pipeline Front-End Architectures = 877
• 18.6 Parallel Front-End Architectures = 880
• 18.7 Multiprocessor Rasterization Architectures = 882
• 18.8 Image-Parallel Rasterization = 887
• 18.9 Object-Parallel Rasterization = 899
• 18.10 Hybrid-Parallel Rasterization = 902
• 18.11 Enhanced Display Capabilities = 907
• 18.12 Summary = 920
• Exercises = 920
• CHAPTER 19 ADVANCED GEOMETRIC AND RASTER ALGORITHMS = 923
• 19.1 Clipping = 924
• 19.2 Scan-Converting Primitives = 945
• 19.3 Antialiasing = 965
• 19.4 The Special Problems of Text = 976
• 19.5 Filling Algorithms = 979
• 19.6 Making copyPixel Fast = 986
• 19.7 The Shape Data Structure and Shape Algebra = 992
• 19.8 Managing Windows With bitBlt = 996
• 19.9 Page-Description Languages = 998
• 19.10 Summary = 1006
• Exercises = 1006
• CHAPTER 20 ADVANCED MODELING TECHNIQUES = 1011
• 20.1 Extensions of Previous Techniques = 1012
• 20.2 Procedural Models = 1018
• 20.3 Fractal Models = 1020
• 20.4 Grammar-Based Models = 1027
• 20.5 Particle Systems = 1031
• 20.6 Volume Rendering = 1034
• 20.7 Physically Based Modeling = 1039
• 20.8 Special Models for Natural and Synthetic Objects = 1043
• 20.9 Automating Object Placement = 1050
• 20.10 Summary = 1054
• Exercises = 1054
• CHAPTER 21 ANIMATION = 1057
• 21.1 Conventional and Computer-Assisted Animation = 1058
• 21.2 Animation Languages = 1065
• 21.3 Methods of Controlling Animation = 1070
• 21.4 Basic Rules of Animation = 1077
• 21.5 Problems Peculiar to Animation = 1078
• 21.6 Summary = 1080
• Exercisis = 1080
• APPENDIX : MATHEMATICS FOR COMPUTER GRAPHICS = 1083
• A.1 Vector Spaces and Affine Spaces = 1083
• A.2 Some Standard Constructions in Vector Spaces = 1091
• A.3 Dot Products and Ditances = 1094
• A.4 Matrices = 1103
• A.5 Linear and Affine Transformations = 1106
• A.6 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors = 1108
• A.7 Newton-Raphson Iteration for Root Finding = 1109
• Exercises = 1111
• BIBLIOGRAPHY = 1113
• INDEX = 1153