아드와이따 베단따의 죽음 이해

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In Adv?ita Vedanta, like other philosophical and religious schools of India, death is basically looked upon as a rite of passage and as something to be overcome, since they accept the theory of karma and sams?ra i.e., the succession of deaths and that of moksa as well. For them death may have two significances: First, it is nothing else than a transformation of condition, occurred by changing soul`s vehicle from gross body to subtle body. Second, it is a settlement of accounts for present life in connection with afterlife and rebirth.
A clue to the Advaita Ved?ntic view of death is the concepts of bhaya (fear) and abhaya (fearlessness) exposed in Upani?ads. This dichotomy of Upani?ads, freely interchangeable with ‘mortality and immortality’ and ‘suffering and bliss’, enables them to establish a typical soteriology and brings forth a great victory of ‘the power of Brahman’ over ‘the power of death’.
In order to make death to be null and void or to rise above death, Advaita Ved?ntins have an interest in ‘death of profane things’ (death of the individual) rather than ‘death of the body’. Death of profane things, or so called ‘death as a metaphor’, is a method to overcome ‘death of the body’ through the attainment of ‘Liberation-in-life’, a result of the attitude change of life by an individual self. And this method can be accomplished under the overwhelming viewpoint on the succession of perishable things, by means of self-realization on the Absolute located beyond the overwhelming perishability.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 남수영, "힌두이즘" 여래 1996

2 존 M, "인도인의 길" 소명출판 2003

3 하인리히 짐머, "인도의 신화와 예술" 대원사 1995

4 강윤곤, "열반(涅槃)을 통해 본 불교의 생사관(生死觀)" 한국종교학회 (55) : 293-317, 2009

5 김진영, "베다 초기에 나타난 죽음(mṛtyu) 개념의 기원과 전개 양상" 인도철학회 (37) : 5-33, 2013

6 "Śvetāśvatara-upaniṣad (in AU)"

7 "Viveka-cūḍāmaṇi of Śrī Śaṃkara Bhagavatpāda" Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan 2008

8 VS, "Vedāntasāra of Sadānanda" Krishnadas Academy 1911

9 "Vedāntaparibhāṣā" The Adyar Library and Research Centre 1984

10 Arvind Sharma, "The Philosophy of Religion and Advaita Vedānta" Sri Satguru Publications 1997

11 K. Narain, "The Fundamentals of Advaita Vedānta" Indological Research Centre 2003

12 Hermann Oldenberg, "The Doctrine of the Upaniṣads and the Early Buddhism" Motilal Banarsidass Publishers 1991

13 Shripad Krishna Belvalkar, "The Bhagavadgītā (Being Reprint of Relevant Parts of Bhīṣmaparvan from B. O. R. Institute's Edition of the Mahābhārata" Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute 1968

14 R. C. Zaehner, "The Bhagavad-Gītā" Clarendon Press 1969

15 "Taittirīya-upaniṣad (in AU)"

16 "Praśna-upaniṣad (in AU)"

17 "Muṇḍaka-upaniṣad (in AU)"

18 René Guenon, "Man and His Becoming According to the Vedānta" Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers 1999

19 "Kaṭha-upaniṣad (in AU)"

20 Wendy Doniger O’Flaherty, "Karma and Rebirth in Classical Indian Traditions" Motilal Banarsidass Publishers 1983

21 B. K. Matilal, "Jonardon Ganeri" Oxford University Press 2002

22 Pań. Pañcadaśī, "Fifth Impression" Sri Ramakrishna Math 1995

23 "Chāndogya-upaniṣad-bhāṣyam In Complete Works of Sri Sankaracharya, vol. 9" Samata Books 1983

24 "Chāndogya-upaniṣad (in AU)"

25 "Bṛhadāraṇyakopaniṣadbhāṣyam, Complete Works of Sri Sankaracharya, Volume X" Samata Books 1983

26 "Bṛhadāraṇyaka-upaniṣad (in AU)"

27 Wāsudev Laxmaṇ, "Brahmasūtraśāṅkarabhāṣyam" Pāndurang Jāwajī (Nirnaya Sāgar Press) 1927

28 "Brahmasūtram"

29 Swami Nityaswarupananda, "Aṣṭāvakra-saṃhitā" Advaita Ashrama 1998

30 V. P. Limaye, "Aṣṭādaśa-upaniṣadaḥ" Vaidika Saṃśodhana Maṇḍala 1958