建築物 火災時 人間行動特性을 反映한 待避案內시스템 開發 = Design and Implementation of Evacuation Route Guidance System: Reflecting Human Behavior in Building Fire

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Multi-use facilities have complex building structures and are used by unspecified multiples. Therefore, the occupants suffer difficulty in wayfinding at the fire situation, which is a cause of major human injury.
In Korea, signages, evacuation maps, and evacuation guidance videos are used to support the wayfinding of the occupants, but the inefficiency of the current wayfinding support system has been proven in previous studies. Due to legal restrictions, the development of a new system that improved this inefficiency was insufficient, but it is time to develop a new system by revising the regulations. Many previous studies have been conducted to develop such an evacuation guidance system. However, most studies do not consider human behavior characteristics during evacuation, and studies have been conducted focusing on the configuration and performance of evacuation guidance systems.
In other words, the optimal evacuation route suggested by the evacuation guidance system developed in the previous research is often calculated based on the shortest distance in the building, and does not reflect various factors affecting human walking characteristics during evacuation. Also, the evacuation route guidance method of the evacuation guidance system developed in the previous study differs depending on the researchers, and there is no consideration of the user's cognitive characteristics. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a new evacuation route guidance system to improve the limitations of such an evacuation guidance system.
In Chapter 2, a review of the current evacuation route guidance method and previous research on evacuation guidance systems were conducted. Through this, the necessity and development direction of a new evacuation guidance system was suggested to improve the problems of the existing evacuation guidance system. Also, a previous study on human behavior characteristics that should be reflected in the evacuation guidance system was conducted.
Chapter 3 defines the composition and function of the evacuation guidance system that reflects human behavior. Besides, the design method of the evacuation guidance system reflecting the walking characteristics and the design method of the evacuation guidance system reflecting the cognitive characteristics were presented.
In Chapter 4, to develop an evacuation guidance system that reflects the walking characteristics, an analysis scope of the walking characteristics is presented, and input values within the evacuation guidance system are presented based on the results of previous research considerations. Also, two actual experiments were conducted to analyze the shape of the intersection, the walking characteristics according to the path selection direction, the installation location of guide lights, and the walking characteristics according to the direction of the arrow, which was not performed in the previous studies. Through analysis of the results of the experiment, a method of evacuation route selection in the evacuation guidance system reflecting the walking characteristics was presented.
Chapter 5 presents the analysis scope of cognitive characteristics for the development of evacuation guidance systems that reflect cognitive characteristics, and analyzes the cognitive characteristics of smartphone evacuation guidance in evacuation guidance systems through questionnaires and decision time analysis experiments. Through the survey and analysis of the results of the experiment, a method of delivering evacuation routes reflecting the cognitive characteristics in the evacuation guidance system was presented.
In Chapter 6, based on the results of the research conducted in Chapters 3, 4, and 5, Eclipse and Android Studio were used to build an evacuation guidance system (web server and application) that reflects human behavioral characteristics. After that, the effectiveness of the developed system was verified through fire scenarios and evacuation experiments.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 第 1 章 서 론 1
• 1.1 연구의 배경 및 목적 1
• 1.1.1 연구의 배경 1
• 1.1.2 연구의 목적 7
• 1.2 연구의 범위 및 방법 9
• 1.3 용어의 정의 12
• 第 2 章 인간행동특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 개발 방향 14
• 2.1 대피경로 안내방법 관련 법규 및 기준 고찰 14
• 2.1.1 대피경로 안내방법 관련 법규 및 기준 14
• 2.1.2 현행 대피경로 안내방법의 문제점 21
• 2.2 대피안내시스템 관련 선행연구 고찰 26
• 2.2.1 대피안내시스템 관련 선행연구 26
• 2.2.2 대피안내시스템 관련 선행연구의 한계점 33
• 2.3 대피 시 인간행동특성 고찰 35
• 2.4 인간행동특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 개발의 필요성 및 범위 53
• 第 3 章 인간행동특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 설계 55
• 3.1 대피안내시스템 개요 55
• 3.2 보행특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 설계 58
• 3.2.1. 보행특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 개요 58
• 3.2.2. 대피안내시스템 내 보행특성 반영 방법론 61
• 3.3 인지특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 설계 72
• 3.3.1. 인지특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 개요 72
• 3.3.2. 대피안내시스템 내 인지특성 반영 방법론 75
• 第 4 章 인간행동특성의 반영을 위한 보행특성 분석 79
• 4.1 보행특성의 분석범위 79
• 4.2 실험을 통한 교차로 내 보행특성 분석 86
• 4.2.1 교차로 보행특성 분석실험 설계 86
• 4.2.2 교차로 보행특성 분석실험 결과 분석 92
• 4.2.3 대피안내시스템 내 교차로 보행특성 반영 100
• 4.3 실험을 통한 유도등에 따른 보행특성 분석 102
• 4.3.1 유도등에 따른 보행특성 분석실험 설계 102
• 4.3.2 유도등에 따른 보행특성 분석실험 결과 분석 107
• 4.3.3 대피안내시스템 내 유도등에 따른 보행특성 반영 113
• 第 5 章 인간행동특성의 반영을 위한 인지특성 분석 116
• 5.1 인지특성의 분석범위 116
• 5.2 설문조사를 통한 대피안내시스템 인지특성 분석 121
• 5.2.1 인지특성 분석 설문조사 설계 121
• 5.2.2 인지특성 분석 설문조사 결과 분석 128
• 5.2.3 설문조사를 통한 대피안내시스템 내 인지특성 반영 132
• 5.3 실험을 통한 대피안내시스템 인지특성 분석 135
• 5.3.1 인지특성 분석실험 설계 135
• 5.3.2 인지특성 분석실험 결과 분석 140
• 5.3.3 실험을 통한 대피안내시스템 내 인지특성 반영 143
• 第 6 章 인간행동특성을 반영한 대피안내시스템 개발 및 검증 145
• 6.1 대피안내시스템 개발 145
• 6.2 대피시나리오에 따른 대피안내시스템 검증 156
• 6.2.1 대피시나리오 선정 156
• 6.2.2 대피시나리오에 따른 성능검증 160
• 6.3 대피실험을 통한 대피안내시스템 검증 169
• 6.3.1 대피실험 설계 169
• 6.3.2 대피실험을 통한 성능검증 173
• 第 7 章 결론 177
• 7.1 연구의 결론과 의의 177
• 7.2 연구의 한계점 180
• 참 고 문 헌 181
• Abstract 190