History of Nucleotide Sequencing Technologies:Advances in Exploring Nucleotide Sequences from Mendel to the 21st Century

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In the mid-2000s, sequencing technology evolved into second-generation sequencing methods that provided low-cost, high-efficiency, and high-throughput data, compared to the traditional firstgeneration sequencing methods such as Sanger and Maxam-Gilbert technologies. The second-generation technology initiated a new era of genomics research due to a large amount of data generated by innovative pyrosequencing technology. Basically, the second-generation sequencing methods offer multiple depths of nucleotide sequences with short lengths. This is the reason why it is also called deep sequencing technology. Due to in-depth sequencing, it can be used for a variety of genetics research applications, such as genotyping and gene expression studies. However, second-generation sequencing generates short reads, which are not desirable for full genome assembly. As a result, some researchers started seeking ways to generate longer reads. Consequently, third-generation sequencing that can produce much longer sequences and supplement the shortcomings of previous technologies has been developed. In this article, we briefly review the principles and characteristics of each generation of sequencing technology as well as the latest trends.

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