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1 Tsesis I, "The precision of electronic apex locators in working length determination: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature" 41 : 1818-1823, 2015
2 Dummer PM, "The position and topography of the apical canal constriction and apical foramen" 17 : 192-198, 1984
3 Ponce EH, "The cemento-dentino-canal junction, the apical foramen, and the apical constriction: evaluation by optical microscopy" 29 : 214-219, 2003
4 Kobayashi C, "New electronic canal measuring device based on the ratio method" 20 : 111-114, 1994
5 Kuttler Y, "Microscopic investigation of root apexes" 50 : 544-552, 1955
6 Siqueira JF Jr, "Incidence of postoperative pain after intracanal procedures based on an antimicrobial strategy" 28 : 457-460, 2002
7 Somma F, "In vivo accuracy of three electronic root canal length measurement devices: Dentaport ZX, Raypex 5 and ProPex II" 45 : 552-556, 2012
8 Guise GM, "In vitro comparison of three electronic apex locators" 36 : 279-281, 2010
9 de Vasconcelos BC, "Ex vivo evaluation of the accuracy of electronic foramen locators in root canals with an obstructed apical foramen" 41 : 1551-1554, 2015
10 Plotino G, "Ex vivo accuracy of three electronic apex locators: Root ZX, Elements Diagnostic Unit and Apex Locator and ProPex" 39 : 408-414, 2006
11 Ingle JI, "Endodontics" Lea & Febiger 179-, 1976
12 Parente LA, "Efficacy of electronic foramen locators in controlling root canal working length during rotary instrumentation" 26 : 547-551, 2015
13 Kara Tuncer A, "Effect of working length measurement by electronic apex locator or digital radiography on postoperative pain: a randomized clinical trial" 40 : 38-41, 2014
14 Khandewal D, "Comparative evaluation of accuracy of 2 electronic Apex locators with conventional radiography: an ex vivo study" 41 : 201-204, 2015
15 Martins JN, "Clinical efficacy of electronic apex locators: systematic review" 40 : 759-777, 2014
16 Ricucci D, "Apical limit of root canal instrumentation and obturation, part 1. literature review" 31 : 384-393, 1998
17 Kim E, "An in vivo comparison of working length determination by only root-ZX apex locator versus combining root-ZX apex locator with radiographs using a new impression technique" 105 : e79-e83, 2008
18 Real DG, "Accuracy of working length determination using 3 electronic apex locators and direct digital radiography" 111 : e44-e49, 2011
19 Vasconcelos BC, "Accuracy of five electronic foramen locators with different operating systems: an ex vivo study" 21 : 132-137, 2013
20 Haffner C, "Accuracy of electronic apex locators in comparison to actual length--an in vivo study" 33 : 619-625, 2005
21 Schneider SW, "A comparison of canal preparations in straight and curved root canals" 32 : 271-275, 1971
22 Pagavino G, "A SEM study of in vivo accuracy of the Root ZX electronic apex locator" 24 : 438-441, 1998