경제위기 전후 가구주 특성별 빈곤수준 변화계측 = Poverty Measurement by Characteristics of Household Head during the Economic Crisis

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper deals with poverty measurement implemented with regards to age, school years and sex of household heads and analysis of the determinants during the economic crisis. The poverty index, poverty ratio, poverty gap and Sen index are employed in the study. The major findings of this paper are as follows. First, according to the results, while the poverty level of a household in which the head is 60 years or over is the highest, households in which the age of the head is 50∼59 years are most seriously affected by the economic crisis. Second, statistics considering the extent of schooling of the head of the household, shows that although households in which the head graduates from elementary school record the highest poverty levels, households in which the head graduates from only middle school have been most seriously affected by the economic crisis. Third, although the poverty level of the female heads of household is higher than that of male household heads, the impact of the economic crisis is more direct upon the male household heads. Moreover, this paper suggests that the incubator system which specializes on petty business start-ups for elderly and female household heads with minimal school years, should be built and managed by the government with cooperation from the community. Also a special pension for the low income elderly should be reinforced in order to enlarge the boundary of its recipients and to increase the payment level. Although the male household heads who graduated middle school and are 50∼59 years old were affected most seriously by the economic crisis, they could be supported by a self-reliance program.