Acute Stress and Chronic Stress Change Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and Tyrosine Kinase- Coupled Receptor (TrkB) Expression in Both Young and Aged Rat Hippocampus

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the dynamic change of brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA, protein, and tyrosine kinase-coupled receptor (TrkB) mRNA of the rat hippocampus under different stress conditions and to explore the influence of senescence on the productions expression.
Materials and Methods: By using forced-swimming in 4°C cold ice water and 25°C warm water, young and aged male rats were randomly divided into acute stress (AS) and chronic mild repeated stress (CMRS) subgroups, respectively.
BDNF productions and TrkB mRNA in the hippocampus were detected by using Western-blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),separately, at 15, 30, 60, 180, and 720 min after the last stress session. Results: The short AS induced a significant increase in BDNF mRNA and protein in both age groups, but the changes in the young group were substantially greater than those of the aged group (p < 0.005). The CMRS resulted in a decrease in BDNF mRNA and protein, but a significant increase in TrkB mRNA in both young and age groups. The expression of BDNF mRNA and protein in the AS groups were higher than in the CMRS groups at 15, 30, and 60 min after stress. Conclusion: The results indicated that the up/down-regulation of BDNF and TrkB were affected by aging and the stimulus paradigm, which might reflect important mechanisms by which the hippocampus copes with stressful stimuli.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Adlard PA, "Voluntary exercise protects against stressinduced decreases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein expression" 124 : 985-992, 2004

2 Connor B, "The role of neuronal growth factors in neurodegenerative disorders of the human brain" 27 : 1-39, 1998

3 Gray JA, "The psychology of fear and stress" Cambridge University Press 1987

4 McEwen BS, "Stress and hippocampal plasticity" 22 : 105-122, 1999

5 Smith MA, "Stress and glucocorticoids affect the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-3 mRNAs in the hippocampus" 15 : 1768-1777, 1995

6 Bremner JD, "Stress and brain atrophy" 5 : 503-512, 2006

7 Fuchikami M, "Single immobilization stress differentially alters the expression profile of transcripts of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene and histone acetylation at its promoters in the rat hippocampus" 12 : 73-82, 2009

8 Fujihara H, "Short-term sleep disturbance enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene expression in rat hippocampus by acting as internal stressor" 21 : 223-232, 2003

9 Yamada K, "Role for brain-derived neurotrophic factor in learning and memory" 70 : 735-744, 2002

10 Nibuya M, "Repeated stress increases catalytic TrkB mRNA in rat hippocampus" 267 : 81-84, 1999

11 Nibuya M, "Repeated stress increases catalytic TrkB mRNA in rat hippocampus" 267 : 81-84, 1999

12 Sousa N, "Reorganization of the morphology of hippocampal neurites and synapses after stress-induced damage correlates with behavioral improvement" 97 : 253-266, 2000

13 Scaccianoce S, "Relationship between learning, stress and hippocampal brainderived neurotrophic factor" 121 : 825-828, 2003

14 Hock C, "Regionspecific neurotrophin imbalances in Alzheimer disease: decreased levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and increased levels of nerve growth factor in hippocampus and cortical areas" 57 : 846-851, 2000

15 Yamasaki Y, "Reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein level in the hippocampal CA1 dendritic field precedes the delayed neuronal damage in the rat brain" 53 : 318-329, 1998

16 Marmigére F, "Rapid induction of BDNF expression in the hippocampus during immobilization stress challenge in adult rats" 13 : 646-655, 2003

17 Hall J, "Rapid and selective induction of BDNF expression in the hippocampus during contextural learning" 3 : 533-535, 2000

18 Hosinger RM, "Quantitation of BDNF mRNA in human parietal cortex by competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction: decreased levels in Alzheimer’s disease" 76 : 347-354, 2000

19 Tafet GE, "Psychoneuroendocrinological links between chronic stress and depression" 27 : 893-903, 2003

20 Srisomsap C, "Proteomic analysis of cholangiocarcinoma cell line" 4 : 1135-1144, 2004

21 McEwen BS, "Protective and damaging effects of stress mediators:central role of the brain" 8 : 367-381, 2006

22 Sarkisova KYu, "Prophylactic actions of the antioxidant agent AEKOL on behavioral (psychoemotional) disturbances induced by chronic stress in rats" 31 : 503-508, 2001

23 Hassan AH, "Plasticity of hippocampal corticosteroid receptors during aging in the rat" 13 : 115-122, 1999

24 McAllister AK, "Neurotrophins and synaptic plasticity" 22 : 295-318, 1999

25 Thoenen H, "Neurotrophins and activity-dependent plasticity" 128 : 183-191, 2000

26 de Cabo de la Vega C, "Neonatally admi-nistered naltrexone affects several behavioral responses in adult rats of both genders" 50 : 277-286, 1995

27 Leibrock J, "Molecular cloning and expression of brainderived neurotrophic factor" 341 : 149-152, 1989

28 Makino S, "Lack of decrease in hypothalamic and hippocampal glucocorticoid receptor mRNA during starvation" 74 : 120-128, 2001

29 Ueyama T, "Immobilization stress reduced the expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in the rat brain" 28 : 103-110, 1997

30 Rage F, "Immobilization stress rapidly modulates BDNF mRNA expression in the hypothalamus of adult male rats" 112 : 309-318, 2002

31 Givalois L, "Immobilization stress rapidly and differentially modulates BDNF and TrkB mRNA expression in the pituitary gland of adult male rats" 74 : 148-159, 2001

32 Tsukinoki K, "Immobilization stress induces BDNF in rat submandibular glands" 85 : 844-848, 2006

33 Aggleton JP, "Identifying cortical inputs to the rat hippocampus that subserve allocentric spatial processes: a simple problem with a complex answer" 10 : 466-474, 2000

34 Alsbury S, "Heat shock proteins can protect aged human and rodent cells from different stressful stimuli" 125 : 201-209, 2004

35 Grundy PL, "Glucocorticoids modulate BDNF mRNA expression in the rat hippocampus after traumatic brain injury" 11 : 3381-3384, 2000

36 Cosi C, "Glucocorticoids depress activity-dependent expression of BDNF mRNA in hippocampal neurons" 4 : 527-530, 1993

37 Hibberd C, "Glucocorticoids and the ageing hippocampus" 197 : 553-562, 2000

38 McQuade R, "Future therapeutic targets in mood disorders: the glucocorticoid receptor" 177 : 390-395, 2000

39 Beck KD, "Food deprivation modulates chronic stress effects on object recognition in male rats: role of monoamines and amino acids" 830 : 56-71, 1999

40 Gutsmann-Conrad A, "Expression of heat shock protein 70 decreases with age in hepatocytes and splenocytes from female rats" 107 : 255-270, 1999

41 Croll SD, "Expression of BDNF and trkB as a function of age and cognitive performance" 812 : 200-208, 1998

42 Powers SK, "Exercise, heat shock proteins, and myocardial protection from I-R injury" 33 : 386-392, 2001

43 Gregus A, "Effect of repeated corticosterone injections and restraint stress on anxiety and depression-like behavior in male rats" 156 : 105-114, 2005

44 Leverenz JB, "Effect of chronic high-dose exogenous cortisol on hippocampal neuronal number in aged nonhuman primates" 19 : 2356-2361, 1999

45 Sihol M, "Effect of aging on brain-derived neurotrophic factor, proBDNF, and their receptors in the hippocampus of Lou/C rats" 11 : 1031-1040, 2008

46 Schaaf MJ, "Downregulation of BDNF mRNA and protein in the rat hippocampus by corticosterone" 813 : 112-120, 1998

47 Narisawa-Saito M, "Differential regulation of hippocampal neurotrophins during aging in rats" 67 : 1124-1131, 1996

48 Lupien SJ, "Cortisol levels during human aging predict hippocampal atrophy and memory deficits" 1 : 69-73, 1998

49 Korte SM, "Corticosteroids in relation to fear, anxiety and psychopathology" 25 : 117-142, 2001

50 Murakami S, "Chronic stress, as well as acute stress, reduces BDNF mRNA expression in the rat hippocampus but less robustly" 53 : 129-139, 2005

51 Fukumoto T, "Chronic lithium treatment increases the expression of brainderived neurotrophic factor in the rat brain" 158 : 100-106, 2001

52 Lauterborn J, "Cell-specific modulation of basal and seizure-induced neurotrophin expression by adrenalectomy" 68 : 363-378, 1995

53 Lapchak PA, "BDNF and trkB mRNA expression in the hippocampal formation of aging rats" 14 : 121-126, 1993

54 Lee T, "Allowing animals to bite reverses the effects of immobilization stress on hippocampal neurotrophin expression" 1195 : 43-49, 2008

55 Honma Y, "Aging abolishes the cardioprotective effect of combination heat shock and hypoxic preconditioning in reperfused rat hearts" 97 : 489-495, 2002

56 Silhol M, "Age-related changes in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine kinase receptor isoforms in the hippocampus and hypothalamus in male rats" 132 : 613-624, 2005

57 Toth E, "Age-dependent effects of chronic stress on brain plasticity and depressive behavior" 107 : 522-532, 2008