水稻의 早植栽培에 關한 試驗硏究 = Studies on the early transplanting Rice growing

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. Recently the early transplanting cultivation of rice crops which is widespread in South Korea, may be considered to bring about a technical renovation of the methods of rice-growing that will be able to contribute to the steady prolific yield of rice and improved management of paddy field.
2. The author attempt to find out a standard type of the early transplanting cultivation of the rice crops which is a promising type in the central areas of South Korea and the establisment of technical system needed for it since 1960, and although the study was not yet completed, the experimental results were done during past two years are summarized as thefollowing.
3. From the experiment to find out a standard type of the early transplanting cultivation of rice crops.
a) The earlier seedlings were transpalanted, the more number of the stems were increased. Especially, it is worthy of notice that the early transplanting plot B which is one of the common translating cultivations by semi-hot seedlings showed higher yield than ultra-early transplanting by hot-bed seedlings.
b) It is a significant fact that the earlier seedlings were transplanted, the more ratio of grain and straw weight were increased in the same variety, and the early transplanting plot B which gained the maximum yield also showed maximum ratio of grain and straw weight.
c) The effect of fertilization for heading were observed in the early transplanting cultivation than the common transplanting one. It may be possible to produce 4 suk of unpolished rice per 10 are without much difficulties if the fertilization for heading were used in the early transplanting plot B.
d) It was recognized that the early transplanting plot B is the most promising method in consideration of cultivation of green manure and forage crops as back crops of paddy fields.
e) Diseased seedlings were injured by musty-seedling disease and damping-off were accompanied in the hot-bed seedlings which were used for the former term cultivation in the duplicate double cultivation.
4. From the experiment to investigate a practicable technical system including raising seedling type, methods and quantities of fertilizer, and density of the seedling to transplant under the common early transplanting cultivation which is a promising type of the early transplanting cultivation of rice crops in the central areas of South Korea,
f) It is derived that the upland nursery bed with polyethylene sheet cover is a rather good raising seedling type than the seminursery with polyethylene sheet cover to produce healthy seedlings, but the former seedlings havn't recognizable influences on the later growing and yield of rice crop while they have influences on the resuscitation of seedlings and the increase of tillering and heading after transplanting, and so there is not difference in the yield of rice grains between the former and the latter seedlings. It is recognized that the upland nursery bed may be included in the early season culture or ultra-early transplanting culture type in the central areas of South Korea.
g) It is derived that the after period manurial type is a promising method of manuring to replace high yield of the vegetative parts which is brought about the early period manurial type with the high yield of rice grains, and also the quantity of manure, especially of ammonium sulphate to be ground manuring is not enough in the early transplanting culture type. But high yield above 4.5 Suk of unpolished rice is scarecely expected even if rice crop is cultivated under the early transplanting or the early season culture with high manuring in the paddy field of about 12-14㎝. in the furrow depth.
h) It is derived that the close transplanting of 90 seedlings per 1 pyong has higher yield than that of the coarse transplanting and its cause is in the increase of head number among the factors controlling the yield of rice crop in paddy fields under the common-manuring. But it is difficult to determine that the close transplanting is a recommendable method under the consideration of labor and expensives for rice growing and so it will be discussed later with additional experiments in future.
i) It emphasize to make the early transplanting type practicable promising type of rice growing in the central areas of South Korea that in the early transplanting plot with high manuring of ammonium sulphate as much as 25% of that of the common culture, the yield of unpolished rice increased as much as 13-32% of the maximum yield of the check plot cultivated under the common season culture.
j) In the early transplanting plot, the length of the stems is shorter than that of the common culture, and the weight per thausand grains of unpolished rice is lighter than that of the common culture. The former may be due to comparatively low temperaure bringing about the hardening-growth of rice plant, and the latter may be due to the want of sufficient mutrients needed for the development of endosperm because of the increase of the grain numbers.
k) It is of great adventage to the improved management of paddy field that advance the date of stopping irrigation as early as 1-3 days and of maturing as early as 5-6 days.
l) Degraded soil phenomenon scarcely appears because of the manuring of the after period manurial type, but the prevalence of sheath blight under the long-going of high temperature and moisture and the prevalence of neck and rachilla blast under high manuring in the shallow soils of the furrow depth are worthy of notice as an important problem to dissolve in the early transplanting or the early season culture of rice plants.
5. The study will be continued to investigate the maximum yield in the common early transplanting culture of rice under the improvement of soil conditions and high manuring.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ 緖 論
• Ⅱ 設計 及 成績 및 考察
• (Ⅰ) 忠南地方에 適合한 標準早植型의 檢定에 關한 試驗(1960)
• 1. 設 計
• 2. 成績 및 考察
• (Ⅱ) 普通早植型의 技術體系確立에 關한 試驗(1961)
• 1. 設 計
• 2. 成績 및 考察
• Ⅲ 要 約
• Ⅳ 參考文獻
• Ⅴ 英文抄錄