『왕의 목가』에 나타난 테니슨의 정치성

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Many critics tend to think that Alfred Tennyson turned conservative after he became a poet laureate, and to use The Idylls of the King to support their argument. This may sound convincing since the poet dedicated this poem to Prince Albert and Queen Victoria and seemed to praise King Arthur in the poem. This paper, however, argues that the poem portrays the inevitability of the collapse of the kingship, which is out of sync with the new liberal trend of the kingdom. It tries to unveil Tennyson’s political unconscious, that is, what Fredric Jameson calls “ideologeme,” the smallest unit of the antagonistic collective discourses in The Political Unconscious by revealing the negative images throughout the poem. The skepticisms around Arthur’s origin and his ruling capability evoke anxiety and tension. Many critics attribute the collapse of the kingdom to the corruption of the queen and the knights, not the king himself who is ideal and innocent. The poem, however, seems to suggest that if the king had not been too idealistic to sense the real world, he could have saved his kingdom.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김성중, "워즈워스, 베토벤, 아도르노: 저항의 예술" 19세기영어권문학회 15 (15): 33-57, 2011

2 김철수, "시의 주변화와 역설적 전복성의 미학: 테니슨 초기시의 정치성과 역사성" 47 (47): 87-108, 2001

3 송기호, "시의 위기와 테니슨의 초기시" 한국영미문화학회 8 (8): 121-139, 2008

4 Armstrong, Isobel, "Victorian Poetry : Poetry, Poetics, and Politics" Routledge 1993

5 Inboden, Robin L., "The ‘Valour of Delicate Women’: The Domestication of Political Relations in Tennyson’s Laureate Poetry" 36 (36): 205-221, 1998

6 Gordon, William Clark, "The Social Ideals of Alfred Tennyson: As Related to His Time" UP of the Pacific 2001

7 Taylor, Beverly, "The Return of King Arthur: British and American Arthurian Literature Since 1800" Barnes & Noble 1983

8 Oergel, Maike, "The Return of King Arthur and the Nibelungen: National Myth in Nineteenth-Century English and German Literature" Walter de Gruyter 1998

9 Jameson, Fredric, "The Political Unconscious: Narrative As a Socially Symbolic Act" Cornell UP 1981

10 Lootens, Tricia, "The Cambridge Companion to Victorian Poetry" Cambridge UP 255-279, 2000

11 O’Gorman, Francis, "Tennyson’s ‘The Lotus-Eaters’ and the Politics of the 1830s" 30 (30): 1-20, 2004

12 Francis, Elizabeth A., "Tennyson’s Political Poetry, 1852-1855" 14 (14): 113-123, 1976

13 Tennyson, Alfred, "Tennyson’s Poetry" W. W. Norton & Company 1971

14 Riede, David G., "Tennyson’s Poetics of Melancholy and the Imperial Imagination" 40 (40): 659-678, 2000

15 Staines, David, "Tennyson’s Camelot: the Idylls of the King and its Medieval Sources" Wilfrid Laurier UP 1982

16 Batchelor, John, "Tennyson: To Strive, to Seek, to Find" Pegasus Books 2013

17 Ledbetter, Kathryn, "Tennyson and Victorian Periodicals: Commodities in Context" Ashgate 2007

18 Buckley, Jerome H., "Tennyson : The Growth of a Poet" Houghton Mifflin Company 1960

19 Levi, Peter, "Tennyson" Charles Scribner’s Sons 1993

20 Sypher, F. J., "Politics in the Poetry of Tennyson" 14 (14): 101-112, 1976

21 Jameson, Fredric, "Marxism and Form : Twentieth-Century Dialectical Theories of Literature" Princeton UP 1971

22 Malory, Thomas, "Le Morte D’Arthur" Penguin Books 1969

23 Eggers, J. Philip, "King Arthur’s Laureate: A Study of Tennyson’s Idylls of the King" New York UP 1971

24 Ryals, Clyde de L., "From the Great Deep: Essays on Idylls of the King" Ohio UP 1967

25 McGuire, Ian, "Epistemology and Empire in Idylls of the King" 30 (30): 387-400, 1992

26 Krauskopf, Katie, "Decisions about Loyalty in Great Expectations and ‘The Coming of Arthur"

27 Kiernan, Victor, "Culture, Ideology and Politics" Routledge & Kegan Paul 126-148, 1982

28 Preyer, Robert, "Alfred Tennyson: The Poetry and Politics of Conservative Vision" 9 (9): 325-352, 1966

29 Sinfield, Alan, "Alfred Tennyson" Basil Blackwell 1986

30 Tennyson, Hallam Arthur, "Alfred Lord Tennyson: A Memoir By His Son"

31 Adorno, Theodor, "Aesthetic Theory" U of Minnesota P 1997