Laboring classes and dangerous classes : in Paris during the first half of the nineteenth century

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• GENERAL INTRODUCTION
• Ⅰ The Problem of Crime : Its Importance = 1
• Ⅱ The Problem of Crime : Its Implications = 5
• Ⅲ Crime and the Biological Aspects of the Social History of the Period = 11
• Ⅳ The Biological Bases of the History of Paris in the Period = 20
• BOOK Ⅰ THE THEME OF CRIME : ITS IMPORTANCE AND IMPLICATIONS
• Introduction = 27
• Chapter 1 The Demographic Approach = 29
• Ⅰ From Rejection to Approach = 29
• Ⅱ The Demographic Approach to the Facts = 32
• Ⅲ The Demographic Approach to Opinion Concerning the Facts = 53
• Chapter 2 The Picturesque Literature = 59
• Ⅰ The Tableaux de Paris = 60
• Ⅱ Jules Janin = 63
• Chapter 3 Balzac = 70
• Ⅰ The Dangerous Classes = 70
• Ⅱ From the Dangerous Classes to the Laboring Classes = 76
• Chapter 4 Hugo = 80
• Ⅰ Le Dernier Jour d'un Condamn$$e'$$ = 80
• Ⅱ Mis$$e'$$rables = 89
• Chapter 5 The Social Literature = 125
• Ⅰ Characteristics and Implications of the Testimony = 125
• Ⅱ The Social Reformers = 128
• Ⅲ The Social Surveys = 135
• BOOK Ⅱ CRIME, THE EXPRESSION OF A PATHOLOGICAL STATE : ITS CAUSES
• Introduction The Contemporary Diagnosis = 147
• Ⅰ From the End of the Ancien R$$e'$$gime to the Last Years of the Restoration = 147
• Ⅱ From the Last Years of the Restoration to the Early Years of the Second Empire = 152
• Part Ⅰ The Increase in Population
• Chapter 1 From Theoretical Analysis to the Description of the Facts : Population, Economic Factors and the Urban Environment = 161
• Ⅰ The General Problem of Population and Resources = 162
• Ⅱ The Problem Related to the Urban Environment = 163
• Ⅲ From Theory to History = 170
• Chapter 2 The Population : From Stagnation to Increase = 175
• Ⅰ The Ancien R$$e'$$gime = 175
• Ⅱ The Revolutionary Period = 180
• Ⅲ The First Half of the Nineteenth Century = 181
• Chapter 3 The Population and the City : Housing = 186
• Ⅰ The Housing = 186
• Ⅱ The Inhabitants = 189
• Chapter 4 The Population and the City : The Basic Facilities = 200
• Ⅰ The Restoration = 201
• Ⅱ The July Monarchy = 205
• Part Ⅱ The Composition of the Population
• Chapter 1 The Earlier Demographic Characteristics = 217
• Ⅰ The Ancien R$$e'$$gime = 217
• Ⅱ The Revolution = 219
• Chapter 2 The New Demographic Characteristics = 224
• Ⅰ Migration and Urban Growth = 224
• Ⅱ Immigration and Age Distribution = 231
• Ⅲ Migration and Distribution by Sex = 244
• BOOK Ⅲ CRIME, THE EXPRESSION OF A PATHOLOGICAL STATE : ITS EFFECTS
• Introduction = 257
• Part Ⅰ The Facts
• Chapter 1 Social History and Historical Sociology = 261
• Ⅰ Social History = 261
• Ⅱ Historical Sociology = 269
• Chapter 2 Population Increase and Social Deterioration : The Problems in General = 271
• Ⅰ Population Increase and Social Mobility = 271
• Ⅱ Social Deterioration : The Phenomena = 275
• Chapter 3 Population Increase and Social Deterioration : Social Groups and the Urban Environment = 293
• Ⅰ The Groups = 293
• Ⅱ Out-Migration and In-Migration Environments = 295
• Chapter 4 Fertility and Social Deterioration = 310
• Ⅰ Working-Class Cohabitation = 310
• Ⅱ Illegitimacy and the Renewal of the Criminal Population = 316
• Chapter 5 Death Draws the Balance = 320
• Ⅰ Normal Mortality = 320
• Ⅱ Abnormal Mortality = 343
• Conclusion : An Estimate = 350
• Ⅰ Two Contradictory Estimates = 350
• Ⅱ Two Complementary Estimates = 353
• Part Ⅱ Opinion
• Chapter 1 Bourgeois Opinion = 359
• Ⅰ Confusion About the Recruitment of the Dangerous Classes and the Laboring Classes = 361
• Ⅱ Laboring Classes and Dangerous Classes with Similar Characteristics = 366
• Ⅲ Laboring Classes and Dangerous Classes Governed by Similar Imperatives = 369
• Chapter 2 Bourgeois Opinion : Balzac = 373
• Ⅰ The City = 374
• Ⅱ The Population = 376
• Chapter 3 Popular Opinion = 394
• Ⅰ The Working-Class Press = 395
• Ⅱ The Popular Literature = 397
• Chapter 4 The Preoccupation with Physical Characteristics and Its Significance = 409
• Ⅰ The Origins of the Preoccupation with Physical Characteristics = 410
• Ⅱ The Working-Class Physique = 413
• Ⅲ The Bourgeois Physique = 416
• Part Ⅲ Behavior
• Ⅰ The Violence of the Cormpagnonnages = 420
• Ⅱ Parisian Violence = 422
• Ⅲ Parisian Violence and Cormpagnonnage Violence = 424
• GENERAL CONCLUSION
• The Biological Bases of Social History = 437
• Notes = 445
• Index = 495