계절적 변화와 지리적 구배에 따른 한국산 노랑초파리의 염색체 다형현상 = Chromosomal Polymorphism of Drosophila Melanogaster According to the Seasonal Changes and Geographical Clines in Korea

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

By analyzying 6,229 salivary chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster, the effects of environmental factors including the rainfall, temperature, humidity, and geographical clines on the frequency of chromosomal inversions were examined. The flies were collected in autumn, 1985 and spring, 1986. All of the chromosomal inversions observed were paracentric except for one translocation on second left and third left arms. Seventy-seven inversions were detected on two major autosomes and X chromosome. Most of inversions were single paracentric except for ten overlapping inversions on the second right and third right arms, and five included inversions on the third chromosomes. Twenty, six, ten, twenty-two, and four inversions were found on the third right, third left, second right, second left arms and X chromosome, respectively. Although homogeneity test for the frequency of partial inversions on the chromosomes was found to be insignificant, statistically, among spring populations but the frequency of inversions was significantly different among autumn populations. On the other hand, the frequencies of In(2L)t among autumn populations in the west area were significantly different with those of the populations in the north-south areas. From the present result, the frequency of inversions of chromosome among the populations examined seemed to have a correlation with the environmental factors. Chromosomel polymorphism of D. melanogaster in natural populations appeared to have adaptive role in natural selection for seasonal and local differences such as including temperature, rainfall and humidity.