칼 바르트 신학의 한국에서의 수용과정에 관한 역사적 고찰 = The Reception of Karl Barth’s Theology in Korea : an historical overview

국문 초록 (Abstract)

칼 바르트(1886-1968)의 신학은 유럽에서는 극단적인 보수주의로, 북미에서는 성경의 계시론과 영감설에 문제가 많은 자유주의로 왜곡되고 오해받았다. 한국에서 바르트의 신학은 자유주의와 정통보수주의 사이에서 애매모호한 논쟁들을 야기하는 회색주의적인 사상이며 교회부흥과 신학교육에 전혀 도움이 되지 않는 비 신앙적인 사상으로 오해되고 왜곡되었다. 그러므로 본 논문의 목적은 그동안 자유주의와 정통주의신학의 중간적인 회색주의자로 오해받던 칼 바르트가 한국에서 어떻게 배척되고 수용되었는지를 객관적이며 역사적인 관점에서 고찰-서술하기 위함이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Karl Barth(1886-1968)’s theological thought has been understood as radically-oriented conservatism to the European theologians while it has been regarded as liberal to North American theologians, especially his concept of biblical revelation as well as of inspiration. In Korea, Barth has been understood as a theological wobbler whose idea causes continually provocative debates on the issues of some theological doctrines among denominations and theologians. For this reason, this article will sketch an historical account of the rise of Barthianism in Korea, discussing when Barth’s theology was received in Korea and how Korean Christian theologians responded to it. However, this article does not argue that all Christian churches and pastors in Korea accepted Barth’s theology without criticism. Rather, it explores the interpreters of Karl Barth who have taken Barth’s Christ-centred principles as their theological norm and basis. The contents of this article will be divided as follows: 1. Introduction; 2. The Reception of Karl Barth’s Theology in the early 20th Century; 3. Minjung Theology and Barth’s Christocentrism; 4. An Indigenous Theological Movement and Barth’s Christocentric Theology; 5. Barth’s Reception in Korea in the Late 20th Century; 6. The Influence of Barth’s Practical Theology in Korea; 7. Numerous Publications on Barth’s Theology in Korea; 8. Establishment of the “Karl Barth Society”in Korea; 9. Conclusion.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 윤성범, "한국적 신학" 선명문화사 1972

2 한국문화신학회, "한국문화와 풍류신학" 한들출판사 2002

3 김인수, "한국기독교회사" 한국장로교출판사 2005

4 박정신, "한국기독교사의 새로운 이해" 새길 2008

5 전택부, "한국교회발전사" 대한기독교서회 1987

6 칼 바르트 학회, "하나님 말씀과 신학[The Word of God and Theology]" 대한기독교서회 1995

7 유동식, "풍류신학으로의 여로" 전망사 1988

8 김용복, "칼 바르트의 정치신학과 한국의 민중신학 in: 韓國民衆과 基督敎" 형성사 1981

9 김명용, "칼 바르트의 신학: 20세기 최고의 신학의 교부" 이레서원 2007

10 이신건, "칼 바르트의 교회론" 성광문화사 1989

11 이신건, "칼 바르트와 이데올로기" 벧엘문화사 1989

12 김명용, "칼 바르트(K. Barth)의 『로마서 강해』-제1편(1919)과 제2판(1922)에 나타난 그의 신학" 20 : 103-133, 1988

13 서철원, "칼 바르트 신학비판[Critique of Karl Barth's Theo]" 258 : 160-171, 1999

14 윤성범, "칼 바르트" 대한기독교서회 1968

15 김영재, "종교다원주의와 만인구원론 비판" 12 (12): 1994

16 은준관, "실천적 교회론" 대한기독교서회 1999

17 은준관, "신학적 교회론: Basileia와 Ecclesia의 관계를 중심으로" 대한기독교서회 1998

18 윤성범, "성의 신학" 서울문화사 1976

19 김재진, "성서의 인간학" 예영커뮤니케이션 2007

20 김명용, "사회주의 운동에 대한 전기 칼 바르트의 신학적 견해" 8 : 90-105, 1986

21 김영관, "바울의 신학에 기초한 칼 바르트의 교회론" 한국신학연구소 (138) : 147-178, 2007

22 김영한, "바르트에서 몰트만 까지: 현대 독일신학의 종교개혁 신학적 조명" 기독교 문서선교회 2003

23 은준관, "말씀의 證言" 성광문화사 1979

24 정경옥, "나는 이렇게 살았다, 나는 이렇게 외쳤다" 고형서원 1982

25 윤성범, "기독교와 한국사상" 대한기독교서회 1964

26 은준관, "교회.선교.교육" 전망사 1982

27 Kim, Heup-Young, "Wang Yang-Ming and Karl Barth: A Confucian-Christian Dialogue" University Press of America 1996

28 Huntley, Martha, "To Start a Work: the foundations of Protestant mission in Korea, 1884-1919" Presbyterian Church of Korea 1987

29 Barth, Karl, "Theology and Church" Harper & Row Publishers 1962

30 Brunner, Emil, "The New Barth" 4 : 123-135, 1951

31 Ahn. Byung-Mu, "The Korean Church's Understanding of Jesus" 74 (74): 81-91, 1985

32 Barth, Karl, "The Humanity of God" 대한기독교서회 1994

33 Barth, Karl, "The Holy Spirit and the Christian Life: The Theological Basis of Ethics" Westminster/John Knox Press 1993

34 Barth, Karl, "The German Church Conflict" Lutterworth Press 1965

35 Barth, Karl, "The Epistle to the Romans" Oxford University Press 1933

36 Ahlers, Rolf, "The Community of Freedom" Peter Lang 1989

37 Veitch, J. A., "Revelation and Religion in the Theology of Karl Barth" 24 (24): 1-22, 1971

38 Kim, Yong-bock, "Minjung Theology: People as the Subjects of History" The Christian Conference of Asia of Asia 1981

39 Barth, Karl, "Kurze erklarung des Rӧmerbriefes" 대한기독교서회 1966

40 Sorge, Sheldon W., "Karl Barth's Reception in North America: Ecclesiology As A Case Study" Duke University 1987

41 Kim, Young-Gwan, "Karl Barth's Reception in Korea: focusing on ecclesiology in relation to Korean Christian thought" Peter Lang AG 2003

42 Kim, Young-Gwan, "Karl Barth's Reception in Korea: an historical overview" 27 (27): 73-85, 2003

43 Starkloff, Carl F., "Karl Barth on Religion: A Study for Christians in Mission" VI (VI): 441-461, 1978

44 Harrison, Peter, "Karl Barth and the Non-Christian Religions" 23 (23): 207-224, 1986

45 Waldrop, Charles T., "Karl Barth and Pure Land Buddhism" 24 (24): 574-597, 1987

46 Bockmuehl, Klaus, "Karl Barth 1886-1986: An Evangelical Appraisal" 22 (22): 28-32, 1986

47 Bettis, Joseph D., "Is Karl Barth A Universalist?" 20 : 423-436, 1967

48 Hunsinger, George, "How To Read Karl Barth: The Shape of His Theology" Oxford University Press 1991

49 Barth, Karl, "God Here and Now" Routledge 2003

50 Mohler, Richard A., "Evangelical Theology and Karl Barth: Representative Models of Response" The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary 1989

51 Barth, Karl, "Dogmatics in Outline" Harper and Row 1959

52 김명용, "Der Gottesbegriff Karl Barths in der heutigen Diskussion" Tübingen University 1985

53 Barth, Karl, "Credo" Charles Scribner's Sons 1962

54 Barth, Karl, "Community, state, and Church: three essays" Doubleday 1960

55 Barth, Karl, "Church Dogmatics" T & T. Clark 1977

56 Til, Cornelius Van, "Christianity and Barthianism" The Presbyterian and Reformed Publishing Company 1962

57 Barnes, Michael, "Christian Identity and Religious Pluralism: Religions in Conversation" Abingdon Press 1989

58 Kim, Heup-Young, "Christ & the Tao" Christian Conference of Asia 2003

59 Thomas, Owen C., "Barth on Non-Christian Knowledge of God" 46 : 261-285, 1964

60 Klempa, William, "Barth as a Scholar and Interpreter of Calvin" 7 : 31-50, 1994

61 Lee, Chang-sik, "A Historical Review of Theological Thought for the Last One Century in Korea" 3 (3): 321-326, 1985

62 Buckley, James J., "A Field of Living Fire: Karl Barth on the Spirit and the Church" 10 (10): 81-102, 1994