고성과 동료와의 비교맥락에서 목표지향성이 관찰학습에 미치는 효과: 자기설정 목표수준의 차별적 매개효과 = The effect of goal-orientation on observational learning within the context of comparison with a high-performing coworker: The differential mediating effect of self-setting goal level

국문 초록 (Abstract)

고성과 동료의 행동을 관찰하고 이를 개인의 수행에 적용시키는 사람은 누구일까? 본 연구의 목적은 개인에게 위협적으로 인식될 수 있는 고성과 동료와의 상호작용에서 고성과 동료의 행동을 관찰하여 학습하는 성향의 사람이 누군지 확인하는 데 있다. 구체적으로 학습목표지향성과 증명목표지향성의 수준이 고성과 동료의 행동에 대한 관찰학습에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 또한 동기화된 행동이론을 바탕으로 목표지향성의 유형에 따라 목표 설정 시 서로 다른 참조점(자기 수행 수준 vs. 타인 수행 수준)을 기준으로 목표수준을 높게 설정할 것으로 예측하였다. 미국에 거주하는 현직자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 총 221명의 자료를 분석한 결과, 학습목표지향성과 관찰학습은 정적인 관련이 있었고, 증명목표지향성도 관찰학습과 정적인 관련이 있었다. 자기참조 목표수준은 학습목표지향성과 관찰학습 간의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났고, 타인참조 목표수준은 증명목표지향성과 관찰학습 간의 관계를 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구의 의의, 제한점 및 향후 연구과제에 대해 논의하였다.

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