동북아 난민문제의 정치외교적 대응격차 = Refugee Problems and Political/Diplomatic Response Divide in Northeast Asia

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

What factors affect Northeast Asian countries’ policies in response to the refugee problem? When and under what conditions are these countries adopting integrative, passive, or rejective policies to reveal a political/diplomatic ‘response divide’? In light of these questions, establishing and implementing the refugee policy needs to go beyond the individual country level and be addressed in the regional context where closer cooperation among regional countries is necessary. However, in the Northeast Asian region, there is no academic or policy attempt to seek solutions together. This paper thus discusses the refugee policy of Korea, Japan, and China from the viewpoint of the history of refugee acceptance, the status of the refugee problems, the position of the government, and the social response based on theoretical and practical issues related to the linkage of refugees and security. The objective of this study is to examine the commonalities and differences between the Northeast Asian countries’ policy responses to the refugees that have been made only at the individual national level. Through this, the paper intends to figure out what kind of comprehensive problems the refugee problems in the Northeast Asian region can bring about and why cooperation governance is needed for regional response.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

난민문제에 대응하는 동북아 국가들의 정책수립에 어떠한 요인이 작용하는가? 언제, 어떠한 조건 하에서 이들 국가들은 포용적, 방관적, 혹은 배타적 정책을 채택하여 ‘대응격차(response divide)’를 보이는가? 이와 같은 문제제기와 관련하여 난민정책을 수립하고 시행하는 문제는 일국의 문제로 보는 시각에서 벗어나 지역 국가들 간 협력이 필요한 의제로 접근할 필요가 있으나, 동북아 차원에서는 함께 고민하고 해법을 모색하려는 학문적, 정책적 시도가 부재하다. 따라서 본 논문은 난민과 안보의 연계와 관련한 이론적, 실질적 쟁점을 바탕으로 한국, 일본, 중국의 난민정책을 난민수용의 역사, 현황, 정부입장 및 사회적 반응의 관점에서 논하고, 그동안 글로벌 이슈로 다루어지거나 개별국가 차원으로만 이루어져온 난민에 대한 동북아 국가들의 정책적 대응이 어떠한 공통점과 상이점을 갖는지 고찰하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 통해 동북아 지역차원에서의 난민문제가 어떠한 포괄적 문제를 초래할 수 있으며, 지역차원의 대응을 위한 협력거버넌스는 왜 필요한 것인지에 대해 가늠해 보고자 한다.

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