高麗 後期 鄕吏出身及第者의 成長過程 = The Growing process of successful examinees in the last half year of Koryo, who comes from native village

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The governing group who appeared in the main governing world through the state examinations(科學試驗) is the new illustrious official who had combined the 'civil office(文)', 'official(吏)' and were excellent in the civil office and official. Even though, who could take the examination were the descendants of the village governors, it's not exceeded estimate to say that they all came from native villages.
As a result of it, we can expect they entered government office through the state examination(科學試驗) after studying the literature cultures and by depending on the economical background as the local power groups. The village governors(鄕吏) the last period of the Koryo was divided into two groups; the upper group entered the central governor group as the illustrious official through the state examination, the lower group led the village society by remaining there. Those who entered government office in the early year, stepped into the center with making new official class with the excellency of civil office and official protected by the political sovereignty of the Choi house. We obtained following results by observing the political character's change by dividing into three groups; the period of seizure of military, the period of the mongolian interruption and the period of the dynasty changes after the king Kongmin(恭愍). Namely, one group entered government office in the seizure of military period by flattering governing soldier and had power season as the result of it, and another group weighted onlay self-cultivation through the integrity and innocent life. We can expect the former was weakened naturally right after the destruction of the political sovereignty of military.
Next, those who appeared in the period of Mongolian Interruption has 士大夫的 attribution(屬性) and weakened against the influential families(權門勢族), but reached the formation of the political governing group which had same interests in politics and economy. The fact that they led the the reformation by participating the 詞林院 整治都鑒, by meeting the king's reforming will assured this. And the successful examinee who came from native village after the king Kongmin(恭愍) systematized the political idea by accepting Sung Confucianism political philosophy. Finally, they could grow up to the governing power station by being political power through the course of confronting with the influential families on the base of political idea matured continuously after the coup of the soldiers. The village governors couldn't enter the service of government office through 蔭敍, but could through the examination(科擧) and the marcial career freely and could grow as the main characters who might managed construction of the Chosun Dynasty.
On the other hand, the lower group who couldn't be the governors, remained as 邑吏, 郡吏 etc, and maybe be occupied in several village affairs by degrading as the local administration worker and already lost the original position in the social-economic swirl of the last period of Koryo.
We can think that the general understanding, 'the downgrading of the village governor position in the last period of Koryo and the first period of Chosun Dynasty(麗末鮮初)', is the result of only 士大夫 class. On considering all these, we can have the opinion that we may approach the nature of the village officer by observing simultaneously both the acture conditions of the lower group and the upper group which continuously serve in the center after the coup of the military.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 머리말
• 2. 鄕吏出身及第者의 成長過程
• 1) 式臣執觀期
• 2) 元 于涉期
• 3) 恭愍王이후 王朝交替期
• 3. 在地鄕吏의 動向
• 4. 맺음말