濟州와 全南의 農漁村俗談 比較

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study compares the regional proverb in Jeju with that in Jeon-nam areas. The study includes approximately 310 Jeju sayings and 410 Jeon-nam sayings, which are related to agriculture and/or livestock raising, marine products, and weather conditions.
The results are summarized as follows:
1. Comparison of materials
First of all, the materials used in Jeju sayings are chiefly connected to (dry) field farming. Therefore grain is almost always cereals when it is used in the proverb. This characteristic is also shown in mill(stone) songs and “sadesori” which is the song of weed picking. In contrast, the materials used in Jeon-nam sayings are for the most part rice, which shows that people in those areas have been cultivating rice paddies. In Jeon-nam sayings, there appear farm music instruments such as drums, “janggo,” and gongs. This means that their farming is closely related with peasants’ music.
Secondly, the use of horses and cattle in Jeju sayings shows that stock-farming has been prospering in Jeju island. In addition to that, the pig is also the frequent material in Jeju sayings. In Jeon-nam areas, however, silkworm is used in sayings, which is the proof of the regional silk industry.
Thirdly, several kinds of famous marine products often appear in Jeju sayings. They include “jari-dom(sea bream),” abalone, conch, sea urchin, trepang, and brown sea weed. In Jeon-nam sayings, however, other marine products such as skate, laver, oyster, and short-necked clam are frequently used.
2. Comparison of contents
The main agricultural contents in both Jeju and Jen-nam proverb are almost the same; seeding, growing, management, and good and/or bad harvest. There is one difference. Weed picking and poor weather are important in Jeju, but the amount of rainfall and daylight hours are important in Jeon-nam.
With regard to stock raising, there are more than sixty sayings in Jeju and six kinds of livestock (except dog) all appear in them. They are mainly horses and cattle, which reflects the historical background. Jeju had been a horse raising field for more than 100 years during Goryeo Dynasty since the conquest of “Sambyeolcho” army and there were fifteen governmental stock farms in Joseon Dynasty. In Jeon-nam, however, there are at most ten sayings using livestock. Nine of them are concerned with cattle, and one with domestic fowl. This is the reflection of the living condition in that areas where cattle for farming is sufficient for the rice paddies.
Taking a broad view of marine products, the sayings both in Jeju and Jeon-nam have nearly the same contents. But a fishing net is not used in Jeju sayings, whereas it often appear in Jeon-nam sayings. Another big difference is the way of looking at the low tide. People in Jeju think it is the time when there are few to fish, but people in Jen-nam areas think to the contrary. The other difference is the presence of female divers only in Jeju and laver growing only in Jeon-nam.
People both in Jeju and Jeon-nam usually forecast the weather from the condition of the ecosystem. But they have conflict views of east wind at the beginning of spring; people in Jeju think it to be unprofitable, but people in Jeon-nam regard it as a roken of good harvest. There is almost equal number of rains and winds in Jeju sayings, but winds are more used in Jeon-nam sayings than rains. There is a special case in Jeju where there appears “Yeongdeung” Grandma connected with the weather in February. A Jeon-nam proverb says thunder influences shellfishes, but there is no Jeju saying relating them.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 제시
• Ⅱ. 소재의 비교
• Ⅲ. 내용의 비교
• Ⅳ. 요약ㆍ정리