서구 중심주의적 정당위기론의 비판적 소고 = A Critical Note on Eurocentric Party Crisis Thesis

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 최근 정당연구의 핵심적 논제가 되고 있는 정당위기론의 서구 중심주의적 특성을 규명함으로써 신생민주주의 국가의 정당정치 연구에 새로운 논의의 필요성을 주장하는데 주된 목적을 두고 있다. 1960년대 사회경제적 변화를 반영하는 정당정치의 전환은 정당연구의 이론적 전제를 붕괴시켰고 이는 정당위기론이 대두되는 원인이 되었다. 정당체제 차원에서 강한 정당 일체감과 정당 안정성은 유지되지 않았고 개별 정당 차원에서 이상적 정당유형은 더 이상 현실적이지 않았다. 이는 정당을 부정하는 논의를 포함한 정당위기론으로 이어졌지만, 여기에서 정당의 진화와 발전은 설명될 수 없는 예외적 현상으로 간주되는 한계를 가졌다. 이러한 정당위기론은 신생민주주의 국가에 적용되었을 때, 신생민주주의 국가의 정당정치는 경로를 이탈한 비정상적이고 나쁜 것으로 설명될 수밖에 없다. 이는 신생민주주의 정당정치를 설명하는데 새로운 이론적 전제들을 설정하는 것이 필요하다는 것을 의미한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study try to suggest theoretical debates of party politics to have framework pertinent to new democracies by finding out the eurocentric characteristics in party crisis thesis. Transformations of party politics reflected the changes of socio economics after 1960`s and it broke down the theoretical assumptions of party politics studies based on European party politics. It led to appearance of party crisis thesis. In the dimension of party system, strong party identification and party stability were not sustained, and in the dimension of individual party, ideal type of party was not the real any more. Thus, many of party politics studies could not explain new and exceptional phenomena of party politics. When these party crisis thesis apply to new democracies, their party politics can be considered as badness strayed out of normal path. It implies that the settings of new theoretical assumptions are necessarily.

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