학령기 언어검사 도구 개발 = Validity and Reliability Analyses of the Language Test for School-age Children

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background & Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the validity and reliability of the language test for school-age children. Methods: One hundred seventy-eight children ranging from grades 1-6 participated in this study. The language test was developed to assess elementary school children’s semantic, syntactic, morphologic, and pragmatic/discourse abilities. The test consisted of six subtests- the test of superordinary words, synonyms, antonyms, grammaticality judgment, combining of sentences, and listening comprehension of spoken paragraphs. The items of the subtests were selected based on the indices of discrimination and difficulty. A constructive validity through correlations between the total and subtests’ language scores and a concurrent validity through correlation between the language test and the K-WISC-III’s verbal test were measured. ANOVA was adopted to test significant differences among the grade groups in the total and subtests’ language scores and a reliability was measured by Cronbach’s αvalue. Results: The results obtained in the present study were as follows: (1) there were significantly strong correlations between the total and subtests’ language scores, and among subtest’s language scores; (2) The total and subtests’ language test scores were highly correlated with the verbal test of the K-WISC-III; (3) There were significant group (grade) differences in the total and subtests’ language scores and (4) Cronbach’s α value for the total language test score was .98, and a value scores of other subtests were above .80. Discussion & Conclusion: These results revealed that the language test was reliable and valid.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

배경 및 목적: 학령기 아동들의 언어능력을 평가하기 위한 검사를 개발하고 그 검사의 타당도와 신뢰도를 검정하는데 목적을 두었다. 방법: 서울, 경기 및 강원지역 초등학교 1～6학년 학생 178명을 대상으로 하였다. 검사도구는 학령기 언어발달에 대한 선행연구와 검사도구들을 참조하여 의미(동의어 및 반의어, 상위어 말하기), 문법(복문만들기, 문법오류판단하기), 그리고 화용.화(단락듣고 이해하기)의 5개의 하위검사로 나누어 문항을 제작하였다. 개발한 검사는 문항반응이론에 기초하여 변별도와 난이도를 산출하고 그에 기초하여 최종 문항을 선정하였다. 선정된 문항에 대해 하위검사간 상관분석과 K-WISC-III 언어성검사 결과와의 상관분석을 통해 각각 구인타당도와 공인타당도를 검정하였으며, ANOVA로 학년에 따른 아동들의 수행차이를 검정한 후 사후검정을 통해 학년 간 차이를 살펴보았다. 신뢰도는 Chronbach’s ɑ를 통해 문항내적일치도를 측정하였다. 결과: (1) 하위검사간 상관분석 결과, 문법판단을 제외한 모든 하위검사가 전체점수와 r=.80 이상으로 매우 높은 상관을 보였으며, 문법판단도 r=.65로 높은 상관을 보였다. (2) K-WISC-III 언어성 전체점수와 학령기언어검사 전체점수의 상관이 r=.909로 매우 높은 상관을 보였으며, 다른 하위검사도 r=.70 이상으로 K-WISC-III의 언어성검사와 높은 상관을 나타내었다. (3) 언어전체점수는 물론 모든 하위검사에서 학년에 따른 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다. (4) 문항내적일치도는 언어전체점수는 .98로 매우 높았으며, 다른 하위검사도 모두 .80 이상으로 높은 내적일치도를 나타내었다. 논의 및 결론: 본 논문을 개발된 검사가 타당도와 신뢰도를 갖추고 있음을 보여준다. 개발된 검사의 장점과 추후 검사에서 보완되어야 할 부분을 논의하였다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• I. 서론
• II. 연구 방법
• III. 연구 결과
• IV. 논의 및 결론

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