Press images, national identity, and foreign policy : a case study of U.S.-Japan relations from 1955-1995

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Preface = xi
• List of Tables = xiii
• 1. INTRODUCTION = 1
• PART Ⅰ. THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT, HYPOTHESES, AND METHOD
• 2. IMAGES OF NATIONS AND THE PRESS = 13
• 3. NATIONAL IDENTITY AND PRESS IMAGES = 23
• Social Psychological Understanding of Identity = 23
• Conceptualizations of Identity in Sociology and the Humanities = 24
• Cultural Identity versus National Identity = 26
• National Identities and the Media = 28
• Mechanisms Behind National Identification = 30
• Assumptions and Definition of National Identity Used in this Research = 32
• 4. THE U.S. AND JAPANESE PRESS, AND FOREIGN POLICY = 37
• The Press and Foreign Affairs from the Political Economic Perspective = 37
• Theoretical Explanations for Press-State Agreement in Foreign Affairs : A Look at Other Perspectives = 39
• The Press-State Relationship in Japan = 45
• Images of Nations and Foreign Policy = 48
• 5. THEORETICAL ASSUMPTIONS, HYPOTHESES AND METHOD = 57
• Method = 62
• Use of Qualitative Analysis = 64
• Use of Quantitative Content Analysis = 69
• PART Ⅱ. RESULTS, DISCUSSION, AND CONCLUSION
• 6. U.S.-JAPAN PRESS IMAGES AND GOVERNMENT POLICIES／ACTIONS : FROM MID-1950s TO EARLY 1970s = 77
• Major Contextual Issues = 79
• Images from the New York Times = 81
• The United States : Strong - Leader of the "Free World" = 81
• U.S. as Benevolent, but Fervently Anti-Communist = 81
• Other Press Sources : Time and Newsweek = 85
• Japan : Weak - "A Tail Tied to the American Kite" = 88
• Japan as Dependent and Uncertain = 88
• Japan as Inept and Lacking Confidence - A Child-like Figure = 89
• Japan as Duplicitous and Unscrupulous = 92
• Other Press Sources : Time and Newsweek = 94
• Images from the Yomiuri = 99
• Japan : An "Orphan" Without the United States = 99
• Japan as Feeble and Uncertain = 99
• U.S. : Anxious Patron to Overbearing Bully = 102
• The United States as Strong and Generous, but Paranoid and Demanding = 102
• The United States : Yes, a Bully, but an Understandable Bully = 104
• Images and U.S. Policy／Actions : The Early Years = 106
• The Ryukyu(Okinawa) and Bonin Islands = 108
• Trade and Relations with China = 111
• Nixon "Shocks" = 113
• Chapter Summation = 116
• 7. U.S.-JAPAN PRESS IMAGES AND GOVERNMENTAL POLICIES／ACTIONS : FROM MID-1970s TO MID-1990s = 135
• Major Contextual Issues = 136
• Images from the New York Times = 138
• The United States : Strong - "Defender of the Free World," Licking its Wounds, but Still Standing Tall = 138
• Other Press Sources : Time and Newsweek = 139
• Japan : Increasingly Vocal, but Still Uncertain - Politically Anemic, and Economically Duplicitous = 141
• Japan as Inherently Weak and Ineffective = 141
• Japan as Duplicitous and Unscrupulous = 143
• Themes of War = 144
• A More Outspoken Japan = 145
• Other Press Sources : Time and Newsweek = 146
• Images from the Yomiuri = 151
• Japan : From "Happobijin" to Vocal Adversary = 151
• A More Confident Japan = 152
• The United States : Inherently Weakened, but Still Demanding = 155
• The United States as Weakened = 155
• The United States as Demanding = 155
• Themes of War = 157
• Images and U.S. Policy／Actions : The Later Years = 160
• Defense = 162
• Trade = 163
• U.S. Editorial Reactions = 168
• Chapter Summation = 170
• 8. QUANTITATIVE RESULTS OF PRESS IMAGES AND ATTRIBUTIONS : COMPARISONS OF TIME FRAME I(MID-1950s TO EARLY 1970s) AND TIME FRAME Ⅱ(MID-1970s TO MID-1990s) = 191
• Findings from Content Analysis = 193
• Images : Cultural Characteristics vs. Objective Characteristics = 193
• Consistency of Images Across Time = 194
• Does Conflict Matter? = 196
• News Item Attributions = 198
• Support of Governmental Decisions and／or Actions = 202
• Chapter Summation = 205
• 9. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION = 207
• Conclusion = 217
• Limitations and Suggestions for Future Research = 218
• BIBLIOGRAPHY = 221
• INDEX = 237