미국유아교육에서의 다양성과 문화상호주의에 관한 고찰: 한국유아교육자를 위한 시사점을 중심으로 = Appreciating diversity and interculturalism in early childhood education in the US: Implications for Korean early childhood educators

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 논문은 미국의 다양성과 문화상호주의의 개념이 발생하고 정착하기까지의 과정과 쟁점이 되었던 주요 사안들에 대해 살펴보고, 유아교육과 관련된 이슈들을 조명하며, 한국의 유아교육전문가들에게 다양성과 문화상호주의와 관련된 시사점을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 선행연구를 바탕으로 제시한 시사점의 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 한국의 유아교육전문가들은 한국내의 소수그룹의 유아들과 다문화가정이 직면하는 불평등과 차별의 문제에 관심을 가지고 면밀한 조사를 실시할 필요가 있다, 둘째, 다문화가정의 유아들의 성장과 발달에 관한 실태조사와 다문화가정 부모들의 의견을 적극적으로 수렴할 수 있는 효율적인 의사소통 체계를 마련하고 세부적으로 점검할 필요가 있다. 셋째, 이외에도 한국에서 소외받는 유아들을 위해 효과적인 다문화교육 혹은 문화상호주의 교육프로그램과 모델을 개발하고 실행하여야 한다. 마지막으로, 한국의 유아교육전문가들은 유아들이 다양성의 문제에 대해 올바르게 이해하고 타문화에 대해 거부감 없는 균형 잡힌 시각을 가질 수 있도록 교육함은 물론 어떻게 한국문화와 접목시켜갈지에 대해 방향성을 제시하는 등의 논의를 이어가야할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Early childhood educators’ abilities to support children’s development by teaching them concepts of diversity, intercultural perspectives, multiculturalism and equality issues are critical as many countries become increasingly heterogeneous in race, language, and cultures. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of putting greater emphasis on diversity and interculturalism issues and making them key components in early childhood education (ECE). By looking at multiculturalism and equality issues, as well as how these issues are being addressed through deeper engagement with intercultural education in the U.S, the following critical implications for Korean early childhood education are proposed: 1) Korean ECE professionals should investigate inequality and discrimination children from minority groups experience in Korea, 2) ECE teachers should provide an open communication channel between school and families, 3) effective multicultural and/or intercultural education programs and models should be developed for young children. Finally, early childhood educators in Korea should begin discussions regarding how the presence of children representing diverse cultures enrich and broaden various views about their own and other cultural perspectives.

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