항도 부산의 발전을 설명하는 두 가지 시각－경제적 요인 대 정치적 요인－ = Two Major Perspectives for Understanding Urban Development of Busan－Economic Determinants VS Political Determinants－

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Theoretical discourse of urban development has often polarized between economic determinism and political determinism with environmental determinism adding another contentious issue of development. The economic determinism of urban theory posits that economic factors such as industry, capital, workers are the foundation upon which all other political and social arrangements in urban spaces are based. The economic determinism stresses that urban societies are divided into competing economic classes whose relative political power is determined by the nature of the economic system. Besides, the economic determinism describes the development phenomenon where economic priorities prevail to facilitate the city's propensity to generate and accumulate wealth. On the other hand, the political determinism of urban theory describes that urban development involves some irreversible spatial investments, massive resource allocations and financial investments by politicians and bureaucrats. So, the purpose of this study was to confirm that the concept of economic determinism and political determinism exists in urban development processes of Busan metropolitan city. In addition, the major objectives of this study were to evaluate, measure, and also recommend solution for solving the problems of two theories in the case of Busan metropolitan city. For the achievement of the purposes, this study was performed to investigate city statistics and causal relationship between two theories and urban development of Busan metropolitan city. The empirical results showed that a strong evidence for the concept of economic determinism and political determinism for urban development processes in Busan metropolitan city. Based on these significant research findings, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.