구한말 위정척사파(衛正斥邪派)의 정치사상 = The Political Thoughts of “Wijeong cheoksapa”, in the latest Chosun dynasty

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

During the two successive left governments(Kim, dae joong and Roh, mu hyun) have passed, We nearly fell into the crisis of losing the rate and the motive power of economic growth. It was due to the antagonism between classes which originated in the two governments`` naive confusion between theory and practice. They stuck to out-of-dated Marxism and wanted to practice it in the 21th century. They were too much impressed by the words themselves`` appeal, ``independence``, ``national unification``, ``equality``, ``balanced regional development``, etc and mistook words for reality. This is also true to the governing class of Chosun dynasty during the two national crises. In the first, during the first 17 century, they stuck to ``MYUNG,(明) empire which was on the road of downfall in disfavor of ``CHUNG``(靑) 明靑 which was newly rising from the boundary of China while they knew full well that the latter would be victorious over the former in the end. This seemingly foolish attitude of them came from their peculiar new Confucian thoughts and its world view. According to it, the earth is even. Its center is occupied by China which has the highest culture, and its around is occupied by the small countries which have low cultures and are barbarous. Facing the crisis of national downfall, the preservation of the civilization took precedence over that of nation for the governing class of Chosun dynasty for fear that they should be degraded into barbarians. As the result of this dogmatic attitude which disregarded real power situation, Chosun dynasty went nearly to its downfall and was subject to national disgrace in the face of the furious ``CHUNG`` emperor who defeated ``MYUNG, in the end and invaded into Chosun. The same had happened in the latest Chosun dynasty with the same governing class of Confucian thoughts during the middle and latest 19 century. In face of the western powers which had achieved scientific and industrial development, and required the opening of trade towards Chosun, they refused the opening of trade stubbornly for fear that they should be contaminated by foreign barbarous civilization while they knew full well that their country could be faced with crisis of to be or not to be for this attitude of them. This all came from their peculiar world view(even world) and their persistent way of thought which confused between theory and practice, and gave precedence to the former over the latter.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 이승연, "화서 이항로의 도덕국가론" 9 : 2004

2 이상익, "한말에 있어서 민족주체성과 세계적 보편성의 문제" 6 : 1997

3 강재언, "한국의 근대사상" 한길사 1985

4 강재언, "한국의 개화사상" 비봉출판사 1984

5 김용욱, "한국민족주의의 과거,현재,미래" 13 : 1979

6 강재언, "한국근대사회와 사상" 중원문화 1984

7 강재언, "한국근대사연구" 청아출판사 1986

8 신채호, "단재 신채호 전집"

9 김옥균, "갑신일록"

10 유수원, "迂書"

11 이항로, "華西集"

12 伊藤博文, "秘書類纂, 朝鮮交涉資料(上)"

13 李珥, "天道策"

14 최익현, "勉菴集"