Isotropic coal tar pitch-based carbon fibers: Effect of nitric acid towards elimination of air-stabilization step

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The remarkable properties exhibited by carbon fibers have generated considerable interest in seekingalternative approaches to replace time-consuming, energy-intensive, and multi-step procedures for theirsynthesis. Among the various stages involved in carbon fiber synthesis, the stabilization step plays a crucialrole as it necessitates an extended duration to transform thermoplastic pitch-fibers into thermosettingfibers, thus preventing them from melting during high-temperature treatments. In this study,isotropic coal tar pitch (ICTP) was transformed into pitch fibers through melt-spinning process and subsequentlysubjected to chemical treatment for stabilization using varying concentrations (ranging from5% to 50% v/v) of aqueous nitric acid (HNO3) solutions. The objective was to determine the optimal concentrationfor effective stabilization. Consequently, this research eliminates the conventional, timeconsumingair-stabilization process by treating the pitch fibers with nitric acid prior to carbonization.
To produce carbon fibers, all chemically stabilized pitch fibers were directly carbonized at 1000 C.
Comprehensive characterizations including Rheology, Elemental analysis, FTIR, TGA, FE-SEM, XRD,Raman, and XPS were conducted to investigate the chemical and structural transformations occurringduring the fiber processing. It was observed that aqueous nitric acid solutions ranging from 15% to30% (v/v) exhibited superior structural, morphological, and mechanical properties compared to otherconcentrations of HNO3.

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