취업신념 측정척도 개발과 타당화 연구 = The Development and Validity of a Scale to Evaluate Maternal Beliefs Regarding Employment

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was conducted to develop a scale to evaluate maternal beliefs regarding employment and to
demonstrate its validity. The subjects in the study included 225 mothers in Suncheon who had children under the
age of 5. Initially, the definitions of beliefs associated with employment presented in previous studies were examined,
after which the existing scale, Beliefs about the Consequence Maternal Employment for Young Children (BACMEC),
was modified based the advice of three experts in child study. Next, 35 mothers who had preschool children were
interviewed to assess their views on the positive and negative aspects of maternal employment. After excluding
overlapping contents, a scale composed of 50 questions (24questions adapted from questions on the BACMEC and
26 created based on the results of the interview) was generated. Based on the result of factor and regression analysis,
27 (15questions regarding positive aspects of employment and 12 regarding negative aspects of employment) of the
50 questions were selected for use as the new scale. Reliability analysis showed satisfactory results (Cronbach’s α =
.89-.92). In conclusion, it is hoped that the scale for maternal beliefs in employment developed in this study will be
used as a useful measurement tool in future studies conducted to evaluate maternal employment.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 조금숙, "취업주부와 전업주부의 심리적 안녕감: 성역할태도, 스트레스 및 결혼만족도의 조절효과" 한국여성심리학회 9 (9): 27-41, 2004

2 김혜원, "취업주부와 전업주부의 심리적 안녕감: 사회구조적 변인, 성역할태도, 역할의 질을 중심으로" 11 (11): 111-127, 1997

3 장영은, "취업에 대한 어머니의 태도와 영아의 보육이 어머니 복지감에 미치는 영향" 한국아동학회 27 (27): 101-116, 2006

4 박성연, "취업모의 직업관련 특성, 탁아기관의 질 및 심리적 안녕감이 양육행동에 미치는 영향" 한국가정관리학회 20 (20): 57-68, 2002

5 정종희, "어머니의 성역할태도가 딸에게 미치는 영향" 숙명여자대학교 1983

6 홍두승, "사회조사분석" 다산출판사 2005

7 이희경, "모의 취업이 자녀의 적응과 어머니의 자녀양육 역할수행에 미치는 영향" 중앙대학교 1981

8 Pungello, E. P., "Working women's selection of care for their infants: A prospective study" 49 (49): 245-255, 2000

9 Hoffman, L. W., "Work, family, and the socialization of the child. In Review of child development research: The family" University of Chicago Press 223-282, 1984

10 Bronfenbrenner, U., "Work and family through timen and space. In Families the work : Children in a changing world" National Academy Press 39-83, 1982

11 Pungello, E. P., "Why and how working women choose child care: A review with a focus on infancy" 19 (19): 31-96, 1999

12 Beckman, L. J., "The relative rewards and costs of parenthood and employment for employed women" 2 : 215-234, 1978

13 Barnett, R. C., "The relationship between women’s work and family roles and their subjective well-being and Psychological distress. In Women, work, and health : Stress and opportunities" Plenum Press 111-136, 1991

14 Tetenbaum, T., "The construct validation of an attitudes toward Working Women Scale" 8 : 69-78, 1983

15 Beckman, L. J., "Perceived satisfactions and costs of motherhood and employment among married women" 2 : 306-327, 1979

16 Greenberger, E., "Parents’ concerns about their child’s development: Implication for fathers’ and mothers’ well-being and attitude toward work" 52 : 621-635, 1990

17 Hock, E., "Mothers of infants: Attitudes toward employment and motherhood following birth of the first child" 46 : 425-431, 1984

18 Hoffman, L. W., "Maternal employment: Effects of social context. In Resilience across contexts: Family, work, culture, and community" Lawrence Erlbaum Associates 147-175, 2000

19 Hoffman, L. W., "Maternal employment and the young child. In Parent-child interaction and parent-child relations in child development: The Minnesota symposium on child psychology" Lawrence Erlbaum 101-127, 1985

20 Vandell, D. L., "Father and “others” as infant-care provider: Predictors of parents' emotional wellbeing and marital satisfaction" 43 : 361-385, 1988

21 Huston, A. C., "Family and Individual predictors of child care use by low-income families in different policy contexts" Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation 2002

22 NICHD Early child care Research Network, "Familial factors associated with the characteristics of nonmaternal care for infants" 59 : 389-408, 1997

23 Farel, A. M., "Effects of preferred maternal roles, maternal employment and sociodemographics status in school adjustment and competence" 51 : 1179-1186, 1980

24 Alessandri, S. M., "Effects of maternal work status on single-parent families on children's perception if self and family and school achievement" 54 : 417-433, 1992

25 Vandell, D. L., "Effects of early and recent maternal employment on children from low-income families" 63 : 938-949, 1992

26 NICHD Early child care Research Network, "Child care and family predictors of preschool attachment and stability from infancy" 37 : 847-862, 2001

27 NICHD Early child care Research Network, "Characteristics of infant child care:Factors contributing to positive caregiving.Early Childhood Research" 11 : 269-306, 1996

28 Hyde, J. S., "Beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment for children" 17 : 177-191, 1993

29 Greenberger, E., "Beliefs about the consequences of maternal employment for children" 12 : 35-59, 1988

30 박성옥, "3세이하 자녀를 둔 어머니의 격리불안" 경희대학교 1993

31 강희경, "3세 이하 자녀를 둔 전문·사무직 취업모의 양육스트레스" 경희대학교 1998