근대기 청원ㆍ보은지역 함종어씨가의 도학정신 및 현실 대응 = The Spirit of Moral Philosophy and Practical Responses of the Hamjong Eo Clan in the Cheongwon and Boeun Regions During Modern Era

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper sheds light on the scholarly heritage and patriotic activities of the Hamjong Eo clan(咸從魚氏) during the late Joseon Dynasty and the Japanese colonial period. Members of the Hamjong Eo clan inherited the Neo-Confucian teachings of Lee Hang-ro(李恒老) and actively participated in the anti-Japanese movement led by the Hwaseo School. Key figures from this family included Eo Yun-seok(魚允奭, 1846–1898) and his son Eo Gyeong-seon(魚敬善, 1869–1916), as well as Eo Yun-jeok(魚允績, 1847–1933) and his son Eo Chwi-seon(魚聚善, 1870–1936). Their scholarship and patriotic activities were examined from three perspectives: First, Academic Lineage and Anti-Japanese Activities of the Hamjong Eo Clan: Key anti-Japanese figures of the Hamjong Eo clan, including Eo Yun-seok, Eo Yun-jeok, Eo Gyeong-seon, and Eo Chwi-seon, inherited the academic and ideological legacy of the Hwaseo School, tracing from Lee Hang-ro to Kim Pyeong-muk(金平默) and Yu Jung-gyo(柳重敎). They actively participated in anti-Japanese movements led by Yu In-seok(柳麟錫). The Hamjong Eo clan adhered to the principles of "Revering Civilization and Repelling Barbarians"(尊華攘夷) and "Defending Orthodoxy and Rejecting Heterodoxy" (衛正斥邪), which were foundational to the philosophy and worldview of Hwaseo Lee Hang-ro. In 1910, Eo Yun-jeok, along with his son Eo Chwi-seon, grandson, and comrades, relocated to Manchuria, where Yu In-seok was active, to continue their anti-Japanese efforts.
Second, Philosophical Theories and Debates: Eo Yun-seok and Eo Yun-jeok upheld the theory of "Suppressing material force(氣) and establishing principle(理) as the absolute"(主理抑氣) during the philosophical debates among Kim Pyeong-muk, Yu Jung-gyo, and others. They supported Yu Jung-gyo's theories, advocating for his perspective alongside figures like No Jeong-seop(盧正燮).
Third, Records and Responses to the Late Joseon history of the Hamjong Eo clan: The records and actions of the Hamjong Eo clan during the late Joseon Dynasty reflect the academic conflicts that originated from the Myeongdeok(明德) controversy. These conflicts provide insight into the solidarity and divisions among the disciples of the Hwaseo School during Yu In-seok’s anti-Japanese resistance movement. Eo Yun-seok respected both Kim Pyeong-muk and Yu Jung-gyo, at the same time, they criticized scholars such as Jeon Woo(田愚), Yu Gi-il(柳基一), and Choi Ik-hyeon(崔益鉉), who opposed Yu Jung-gyo’s Neo-Confucian ideas.