지식경영 전략적 지향성과 조직문화 특성이 지식경영 성과에 미치는 영향 분석 = (The) effect on knowledge management outcome of knowledge management strategic orientation and attributes of organization culture

국문 초록 (Abstract)

McDermott(2000)는 지식경영 전략에 관한 연구에서 아무리 강한 몰입으로 지식경영을 접근한다 할지라도, 조직문화의 영향이 더 강하다는 것을 밝히고 있다. 다른 연구들은 지식경영을 성공한 조직들이 그들의 지식경영 전략을 성공하기 위해서 그들의 조직문화를 바꾸고자 궁극적인 노력을 하고 있다고 제시하고 있다(McDermott and O'Dell 2000; McDermott 2000). 이와 같이 기존의 연구들이 지식경영에 대한 조직문화의 영향을 제시하고는 있지만 이를 실증적으로 분석하지는 못하고 있다. 또한 지식경영에 호의적인 조직문화와 지식경영 전략적 지향성과의 관계를 명확하게 제시하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지식경영 시스템의 성과를 조직문화 특성과 지식경영 전략적 지향성과의 관계에서 다루고자 한다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study examines the Effect on Knowledge Management Outcome of Knowledge Management Strategic Orientation and Attributes of Organization Culture in Korea-based Firms running Knowledge Management System(KMS). Knowledge Management System are expanding across all types of organizations worldwide. As knowledge is shared and disseminated throughout the organization, it increases an organization’s value by providing the ability to respond to new and unusual situations. The growing importance of knowledge as a critical resource has forced executives to pay attention to their organizational knowledge. Organizations are increasingly undertaking Knowledge Management System and making significant investments.
However, recent global analyses of such initiatives highlight the fact that not all of them are necessarily successful. One of the main success barriers relates to organizational culture. Most organizations continue to make an effort to realize the benefits of KM by managing KM enablers such as organizational culture, structure, or information technology effectively. However, despite their best efforts, it is still unclear how to employ KM enablers in a strategic orientation. KM strategies are necessary for facilitating these enablers because they provide the framework within which an organization manages new initiatives aimed at utilizing the KM enablers of the organization. Furthermore, KM strategies outline KM outcomes required for managing knowledge effectively. Companies that want to leverage KM enablers and processes must approach KM with an appropriate strategic orientation. KM strategies are no longer an unrecognizable buzzword but a fundamental issue for a large number of companies. A knowledge-friendly organizational culture must be present or nurtured in order to succeed in KM.
Several studies have categorized and established the different types of KM strategies that organizations can adopt. The emphasis of these studies have been on how the different KM strategies affect organizational performance, for example, classified KM strategies into codification and personalization. With the codification strategy, knowledge is codified and stored in knowledge repositories systematically. In contrast, knowledge is shared largely through person-to-person communication with the personalization strategy. The authors suggested that companies undertaking either of the two strategies in isolation produced higher performance than companies adopting both strategies in combination.
The purpose of this research is to explore relationships between the successful implementation of knowledge management initiatives and specific organizational cultural orientations and attributes. Organizational culture is assessed through organizational sociability and organizational solidarity variables. Depending on a company‘s degree of integration of these two cultural factors, we demonstrated that specific KM strategic orientation (codification or personalization) are more or less likely to succeed.
The outline of this paper is as follows: we survey prior literature on the topic in Section 2 and discuss the research model and develop research hypothesis in Section 3. Description of the event study and details of the study are presented in Section 4, followed by the results and implications in Section 5.
The research findings were accomplished through a validated questionnaire that surveyed 215 organizations involved in KM. We examine this issue using the event study methodology and evaluate the cumulative abnormal returns for knowledge management strategies announced by firms in Korea. Our findings strongly support the notion that firms’ announcements related to knowledge management strategies provoke positive reaction from the market.
The contribution of this study may help companies and their units seeking to launch a KM strategic orientation and attributes of organization culture to choose which KM strategic orientation to employ in order to maximize their chance of success. Though limited in terms of sample size, this study has the potential to assist other researchers in refining and modifying such approaches to maximize knowledge and insight in this field that is still deficient in theory, tools, models and frameworks.
More specifically, strategies which emphasize both (i) knowledge reusability through information technologies and (ii) knowledge sharing through informal discussions among employees, contribute to higher performance than strategies that focus on either of them. This outcome empirically supports the argument that the emphasis on both tacit and explicit knowledge results in better market value of firms. Furthermore, the market’s reaction to the announcement of knowledge management strategies is independent of industry classification.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제1장 서론 = 1
• 제1절 연구 배경 = 1
• 제2절 연구 목적 = 4
• 제3절 연구 범위와 구성 = 6
• 제2장 이론적 배경 = 8
• 제1절 조직문화 = 8
• 1. 조직문화 = 8
• 2. 조직문화의 특성 = 10
• 제2절 지식경영 전략 = 29
• 1. 지식경영 = 29
• 2. 지식경영 전략 = 30
• 제3절 지식경영시스템 = 45
• 제3장 연구모형과 가설설정 = 48
• 제1절 연구모형 = 48
• 제2절 연구가설 = 50
• 1. 지식경영의 전략적 지향성과 지식경영 성과 관련 연구 가설 = 50
• 2. 지식경영의 전략적 지향성과 조직문화 특성에 따른 지식경영성과 관련 연구 가설 = 52
• 제3절 연구조사방법 = 54
• 1. 연구 변수의 조작적 정의 = 54
• 2. 설문의 구성 및 조사 자료의 분석방법 = 57
• 3. 자료의 수집과 표본의 구성 = 59
• 제4장 실증분석 = 61
• 제1절 측정도구의 타당성 및 신뢰성 분석 = 61
• 1. 요인분석을 통한 타당성 분석 = 61
• 2. 신뢰성 분석 = 64
• 제2절 연구가설의 검증 = 65
• 1. 연구가설의 검증 = 65
• 제3절 분석결과에 대한 논의 = 73
• 1. 지식경영 전략적 지향성이 지식경영 성과에 미치는 영향 = 73
• 2. 지식경영 전략적 지향성과 조직문화 특성이 지식경영 성과에 미치는 영향 = 74
• 제5장 결론 = 76
• 제1절 연구의 요약 = 76
• 제2절 연구의 시사점 = 77
• 제3절 연구의 한계점 및 향후 연구방향 = 78
• 참고문헌 = 81
• 설문지 = 91