Legal Environment and historical issues of Registration on Immovable Property Pledge of Mongolia = 몽골의 부동산담보등기에 관한 법률체계 및 역사적 쟁점

국문 초록 (Abstract)

NCM으로부터 제공된 자료에 의하면, 몽골에서 1997년부터 2011년 사이의 공증인의 활동은 대단히 적다. 이점에 대해 몽골내에서 비판이 제기되었고, 부동산계약과 관련하여 공유(가족구성원에 의해 공유하고 있는) 부동산의 저당권설정시 공동소유자의 허락여부와 제3자 소유부동산에의 담보설정 가능성에 대한 논쟁이 야기되었다. 이러한 논쟁에 대한 원인에 대한 연구는 다음과 같은 요구사항을 착수하게 한다.
1. 당사자들의 이익상태를 입증할 때, 공증인은 일반담보권과 보증된 담보권사이의 차이를 고려하여 계약서를 검토하고 공증해야 한다.
2. 담보권의 증명은 법률에 의해 특정된 목적을 준수하는 범위에서 이루어져야 할 것이다.
몽골의 부동산담보법은 특별한 형태의 담보권을 포섭하지 못하며, 부동산에 관한 모든 담보형태를 위한 단일한 모델만을 제공한다.
위의 사실은 다음을 암시한다. 만일 현행 몽골부동산담보법이 단일한 모델에 의한 한계로 인하여 다양한 형태의 담보권의 규제를 담당할 수 없다면, 부동산등기에 관한 규제입법이 더욱 더 명확해지고 보충되어 시민과 소비자들의 이익을 보호해야 할 것이다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Summarizing the total amount of notary activities between 1997-2011, provided from the NCM, including the percentage of verification of the contract (not less than 30% of total amount of contracts are pledge29)) and complaints arise regarding this and relevant court decisions, disputes arise with respect to the immovable property contracts, or permission of the co-owner in case of pledge of immovable property that is a common property of the familymembers, legitimacy of the proxy for the pledge of the immovable property of the third party. The study of the reasons of these disputes and settlement process reveals the requirement undertake the following:
1. On verifying of the statements of interests of the parties, the notary should develop and verify the contracts with differentiation between ordinary and guaranteed forms of hypothecs.
2. In case of verification of the pledge, the verification should be done in compliance with its purpose specified in the law.
Law on Pledge for real estate/immovable property does not cover special types of the hypothecs and provides for the single model for all types of pledge regarding the immovable property, which constitutes uncertainty with respect to the concept of the “Program on source fund for the implementation of the Government Project on construction of apartment buildings for 40000 families”.
The above fact implies that if the Law on Pledge for immovable property had not provided for the regulation of a pledge relation limited to the single model, but for precise regulations of different standard types of hypothecs and differences between these hypothecs and description of the legal consequences, then the legislation on regulations regarding relations of registration of the pledge for immovable property would have modified progressively becoming more accurate and complement to the interests of citizens and consumers.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. Preface
• Ⅱ. Historical development of the real estate pledge
• Ⅲ. Reforms of the Legal Environment of the Real estate Pledge and actual problems
• 【REFERENCES】
• 【ABSTRACT】
• 【국문초록】

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Bayarsaikhan B., "“Mongol Tzaas Bichig” Law" 2001

2 Jalan-Aajiv S., "“Khalkha Juram” Law" 1995

3 Yanjinkhorloo D., "Theoretical and Practical Research Conference “Legal environment of the notary, development tendencies” held on the 85th Anniversary of the Notary Chamber of Mongolia. Brochure of speeches. Presentation “On Legal Environment of Notary and Reforms”" 2010

4 "State information journal (25)" 2003

5 "State Information journal (6)" 2009

6 DamdinKh, "Notary Chamber of Mongolia-85" 2010

7 "Legal reforms of Mongolia-8th anniversary 1995-2003" Ministry of Justice and Internal Affairs and GTZ, 2003

8 Dorjgotov A., "Legal environment and reforms of the pledge for immovable property" Article. Ruleof Law journal, 2010

9 "Law on activities of banks and authorities regarding savings, payment and loan" State Information journal, 1995

10 "Law on Real estate Pledge" State Information journal (28), 2009

11 "Law on Amendments to the Civil Code" State Information journal (28), 2009

12 Bayarsaikhan B., "Law of the State Department of the Government of the Outer Mongolia established by the Resolution" 2008

13 "Law of Mongolia on the apartment of the common ownership" State Information journal, 1996

14 "Law of Mongolia on the Real estate Tax" State Information journal, 2000

15 Dashnyam I., "Ikh Zasag Code. “Code of Emperor Chinggis Ikh Zasag”" 1995

16 Bayarsaikhan B., "History of the State and Law" 2006

17 "General Law on State Registration" State Information journal (26), 2009

18 "Dieter Medicus Sachenrecht" 2002

19 Sukhbaatar Z., "Civil Codes (1926, 1952, 1963, 2002). Amendments Vol. II" 2002

20 Bayarsaikhan B., "Altan Khan’s Law" 1992