집단의 지위, 정당성 및 안정성의 구조적 측면에 대한 지각이 차별 경험에 미치는 영향: 성별집단과 지역집단의 경우 = The Perception of Group Status, Legitimacy and Stability: In the Case of Gender and Regional Groups

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

We investigated people's perception of discrimination owing to the membership of gender and regional groups. The predictability of the perceived structural variables of group such as the group status, legitimacy and stability, the variables of individual differences such as the endorsement of norms of distributive justice, individual and collective self-esteem, and the socio-demographic variables to the perceived discrimination was examined. The hypothesized effects derived from the theory of legitimacy were confirmed in that the perception of group status and legitimacy predicted the perceived discrimination negatively, whereas the perception of stability positively predicted the perceived discrimination, and the strength of the predictability was in the order of the group status, legitimacy and stability. The pattern of the negative effect of legitimacy was steeper when the group status was perceived as low(or female) in comparison with the case when it was perceived as high(or male). Collective self-esteem, which was predicted by the interaction effect of group status and the legitimacy, was negatively related to the perceived discrimination. It was revealed that the norm of equality was an effective predictor. In the case of gender group, the norm of equality was influential to the female's perceived discrimination whereas the norm of equity was influential to the male's perceived discrimination. The results and the meaning of the study were discussed.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구는 성별집단과 지역집단에 관한 두 조사를 통해 집단소속으로 인해 얼마나 차별을 경험한다고 지각하는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 차별경험의 지각에 영향을 미치는 요인들로서 각 집단의 지위의 고저, 정당성 및 안정성과 같은 구조적 측면에 대한 지각과 분배규범에의 찬성도, 개인자존감, 집단자아존중의 개인차변인 그리고 사회인구적 변인들을 조사하였다. 정당화이론의 예상대로 지각된 지위와 지각된 정당성은 부적으로, 지각된 안정성은 정적으로 차별경험을 예언하였고 그 설명력은 지위, 정당성, 안정성의 순이었다. 집단지위가 낮을 때(또는 여성) 지위가 높을 때(또는 남성)보다 정당성 변인의 부적 효과가 크게 나타났다. 집단자아존중은 차별경험의 지각에 부적인 회귀를 보였으며 집단자아존중은 두 조사에서 모두 지위와 정당성의 상호작용으로 예측되었다. 평등규범은 두 조사에서 모두 차별경험 지각에 대한 유의한 예측효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으나 성별집단의 경우, 여성은 평등규범에 의해, 남성은 형평규범에 의해 더 영향을 받았다.

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