다중지능이론에 기초한 미술프로그램의 유아 미술능력에 대한 효과 = Effects of an Art Program Based on the Multiple Intelligences Theory on the Artistic Abilities of Kindergarteners

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of an art program for young children based on the Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences theory on children’s abilities in art expression and art appreciation. The hypotheses were that utilizing other intelligences in teaching art would be beneficial in improving children’s artistic abilities, and especially for children who were weak in spatial intelligence. The program of this study based on the principles of MI theory was composed of three elements; perception, production and reflection. The activities in each element were designed to have children use their several intelligences. The program was implemented in the experimental group of 30 kindergarteners of age 5 years old in a large city in Korea. 32 sessions of the program were carried out over 8 weeks. Another comparative group participated in traditional art lessons for the same period. Both the experimental group and the comparative group were tested on art abilities right before and after the experiments. The difference scores between pretest and post-test were used as measures of improvement of the artistic abilities. The instruments for the artistic abilities were modified from Schiiiiiiacher(1993), Bames(1987) and Krechevsky(1998). Shearer’s Multiple Intelligences Development Assessment scale adjusted by Taehee Jung(1998) to the Korean children was used for spatial intelligence. Two way ANOVA of group(2) X spatial intelligence level(3) was performed to test the effectiveness of the program. The results of the analyses showed that the art program for young children based on the Multiple Intelligences Theory was more effective than the traditional art program in improving young children’s art expression and art appreciation. And the positive effects was greater for children who were low than children high or middle in their spatial abilities.