Due to the limitations of the conventional cancer therapy, the cancer immunotherapy has emerged to prevent the recurrence of cancer. In order to provoke the adaptive immune responses in antigen-specific manners, it is important to develop an efficient...
Due to the limitations of the conventional cancer therapy, the cancer immunotherapy has emerged to prevent the recurrence of cancer. In order to provoke the adaptive immune responses in antigen-specific manners, it is important to develop an efficient antigen delivery system that could enhance the activation and maturation of the dendritic cells (DCs) in the body. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are one of the most promising nanocarriers for antigen delivery due to their mesopores, high surface area and large pore volume, easy modification of physical and chemical functionalities, their biocompatibility, and self-adjuvanticity. In this study, we have synthesized the hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles with extra-large pores (H-XL-MSNs) with large mesopores (20~30 nm) and hollow interior void based on a single-step synthesis of core-shell mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a core composed of assembly of iron oxide nanoparticles. The hollow void inside the mesoporous silica nanoparticles with large mesopores allowed to have advantages for high loading efficiency of various model proteins with different sizes. The H-XL-MSNs were coated with the poly(ethyleneimine) solution (PEI) to provide immune adjuvant and to change the surface charge of the particles for loading and slow release of model antigen. In vitro study showed the enhanced activation of the DCs. The in vivo study demonstrated that the resulting cancer vaccine led to the increase of antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells, enhanced suppression of tumor growth, and improved survival rate after challenging cancer to mice. With this finding, the hollow MSNs with extra-large pores, can be used as superior antigen-carrier for immunotherapy.