성인의 대사증후군 위험도 평가를 위한 건강체력 기준치 개발

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본 연구의 목적은 대사증후군 위험도 평가를 위한 체력 평가지표의 개발을 통하여 운동실천자가 성취해야할 목표를 명확하게 제시하고 그에 따른 운동프로그램을 실천하므로서 효율적인 대사증후군 관리 서비스가 제공될 수 있는 토대를 제공하고자 하였다.
본 연구의 대상자는 10세이상의 대한민국 거주자로 2003년부터 2009년까지 12개 시,도 자치구 보건소 이용주민중 체력측정 및 대사증훈군 위험요인을 검사한 이상 7,783명(남자1,810명, 여자 5,973명)으로 하였다.
전국 보건소 및 체력센터를 방문하여 생활행태(운동빈도, 시간, 유형, 강도, 경력, 흡연, 음주량 및 경력 등)
및 사회인구학적 요인(성별, 연령, 거주지, 학력 및 재산 수준, 결혼여부 등), 신장, 체중, 비만도(BMI), 체성분, 폐활량(강제호기량;FVC), 체력변인은 에어로바이크, 악력, 윗몸일으키기, 앉아윗몸앞으로굽히기, 눈감고외발서기 측정을 통하여 각각 심폐지구력, 근력, 근지구력, 유연성, 평형성을 평가하였다. 비만(BMI), 허리둘레, 고밀도지단백콜레스테롤(HDL-C), 중성지방(Triglyceride), 혈압(Blood Pressure), 공복혈당(FBS)을 측정하였으며 5개의 진단요인중 3개이상의 질환을 포함하면 대사증후군 질환군으로 1-2개의 질환을 포함하면 위험군, 1개의 질환도 포함하지 않으면 정상군으로 분류하였다.
대사증후군 위험요인측정결과를 수집하였으며 대사증후군 집단간(질환군, 위험군, 정상군) 체력과 체구성 차이를 알아보기 위하여 이원변량분석을 실시하였으며, 유의한 차이가 나타난 변인에 대해서는 사후검증(Scheffe)을 실시하였다. 아울러 대사증후군 위험요인 측정자를 대상으로 정상군, 위험군, 질환군별로 백분위별 평균 표준편차, 범위수준을 제시하였다.
대사증후군 질환율은 남자 31%, 여자 17.7%로 남성의 대사증후군 질환율이 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며 대사증후군 정상군 남성의 평균 체지방율은 19.1(4.33)%, 제지방량은 52.0(6.11)kg, 악력41.1(7.73)kg, 윗몸일으키기 16.6(5.28)회, 앉아윗몸앞으로굽히기 7.4(9.36)cm, 에어로바이크 측정 40.0(5.89)ml/kg/min, 눈감고외발서기 41.0(46.4)초, 폐활량 3,686.1(757.07)ml 로 나타났다. 반면 대사증후군 정상군 여성의 평균 체지방율은 29.9(4.25)%, 제지방량은 39.1(3.42)kg, 악력26.5(4.87)kg, 윗몸일으키기 11.2(4.37)회, 앉아윗몸앞으로굽히기 14.1(7.76)cm, 에어로바이크 측정 29.3(5.48)ml/kg/min, 눈감고외발서기 38.6(42.4)초, 폐활량 2,619.0(695.89)ml 로 나타났다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome and the diagnosis factors related metabolic syndrome of adults who utilized a public health center in Seoul and to suggest the reference value of metabolic syndrome through examination of the relation between physical fitness related metabolic syndrome and life patterns and body composition.
Subjects were 2,994(males n=591, females n=2,403, aged 19years over) who utilized the health promotion center of public health center and reside the northeast of Seoul. To analyze life patterns related health of subjects it was examined a questionnaire included physical activity, eating habit, smoking, and drinking. To diagnose metabolic syndrome it was analyze body mass index(BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C), triglyceride(TG) and fasting blood sugar(FBS). Based on these five risk factors related metabolic syndrome, three groups were divided into metabolic syndrome disease group(MSDG) which have above three risk factors, danger group(DG) which have one to two risk factors and normal group(NG) which has not any risk factor. Through evaluation of height, body mass, body composition(body fat mass, body fat percent, muscle mass, lean body mass) the degree of obesity was analyzed. And physical fitness test was performed after the regular eating one week later when blood test was performed. Through these studies, analyzed result were as following:
The result of prevalence rate of five risk disease related metabolic syndrome for male and female were 44.3% and 39.3% for obesity, 52.6% and 28.3% for hypertension, 38.7% and 20.9% for hyper-triglyceride, 9.5% and 17.9% for dyslipidemia with low HDL-C and 22.1% and 12.4% for fasting blood sugar disorder, respectively. In the case of male, except of grip strength and sit and reach test, sit up(17.21bit), maximal oxygen uptake(VO2max; 38.81ml/kg/min), one put standing with eyes closed(balance test; 27.42sec), total lung capacity(3663.33ml) were significantly higher in NG than other groups(p<0.01). Percent body fat and body fat mass(18.15% and 11.89kg) of NG were significantly lower in comparison with those of DG(23.51% and 17.65kg) and MSDG(27.62% and 22.62kg, respectively)(p<0.001). However, muscle mass and lean body mass(53.37kg and 56.41kg) of DG significantly higher than those of NG(49.94kg and 52.81kg) and MSDG(52.01kg and 54.98kg, respectively)(p<0.001).
In the case of female, except of grip strength, sit up, sit and reach test, VO2max, balance test, and total lung capacity(11.74bit, 14.03cm, 29.54ml/kg/mim, 34.31sec and 2685.66ml)of NG were significantly higher than those of DG(9.63bit, 13.55cm, 25.84ml/kg/min, 18.85sec and 2569.20ml) and MSDG(7.58bit, 11.91cm, 24.20ml/kg/min, 12.55sec and 2438.28ml, respectively)(p<0.01). Percent body fat and body fat mass(28.68% and 15.90kg) of NG were significantly lower in comparison with those of DG(34.71% and 22.52kg) and MSDG(37.22% and 22.52kg, respectively)(p<0.001). However, muscle mass and lean body mass(40.06kg and 42.48kg) of MSDG significantly higher than those of NG(36.91kg and 39.19kg) and DG(38.93kg and 41.25kg, respectively)(p<0.001).
In conclusion, in the case of male as physical fitness included strength, muscle endurance, flexibility, cardiopulmonary and balance were higher, as the prevalence ratio of metabolic syndrome were lower, and in the case of female as physical fitness such as strength, balance, total capacity were higher, as the prevalence ratio of metabolic syndrome were lower. Also, body composition included percent body fat, body fat mass, muscle mass, lean body mass and body mass were lower, as the prevalence ratio of metabolic syndrome were lower.