In outer space, various environmental cues such as microgravity can affect human immune system. However, that mechanism is not well known. Mast cells play an important role in inflammation and allergic responses by secretion of inflammatory mediators,...
In outer space, various environmental cues such as microgravity can affect human immune system. However, that mechanism is not well known. Mast cells play an important role in inflammation and allergic responses by secretion of inflammatory mediators, including histamine and cytokine. In this study, the function and viability of mast cells in microgravity condition were investigated by using rotary cell culture system (RCCS) which can mimic microgravity in laboratory. The control group was cultured in cell culture dish at normal gravity (1G), and simulated microgravity group (SMG) was cultured in RCCS at 15 rpm.
In the results, there was no difference in mast cell size between 1G and SMG. In addition, microgravity did not appear to affect mast cell apoptosis up to 48 hr, but cell apoptosis eventually occurred when mast cells cultured for 168 hr in RCCS. Furthermore, mast cell proliferation was also reduced in SMG condition. To determine an effect of microgravity on mast cells function, mast cells were incubated in RCCS for 48 hr. Degranulation and the production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-6, TNF-α were reduced upon stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin. The calcium influx of mast cells was also decreased. The same results were shown when mast cells were stimulated with IgE associated antigen. These data demonstrate that microgravity negatively affects the mast cell survival and function. This study provides new insights into microgravity-caused mast cell functional defects.