한국 소아와 청소년의 대사증후군 유병률과 경향성: 2001, 2005년 국민건강영양조사 자료분석 = Prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome in Korean childrenand adolescents according to the 2001 and 2005 Korean National Healthand Nutrition Examination Surveys

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Background
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions including abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, elevated fasting glucose, high triglyceride, and low HDL-cholesterol. Up to now, there have only been a few studies about this disorder. Our aim was to show the prevalence and trends of metabolic syndrome in Korean children aged 10 to 18yrs using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHNES) administered in 2001 and 2005.
Methods
The data for analysis were obtained from KNHNES 2001 and 2005. We analyzed 667 boys and 621 girls from KNHNES 2001 and 479 boys and 420 girls from HNHNES 2005.
Results
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean children was 10.3% (boys 13.1%, girls 7.2%) in 2001 and 9.5% (boys 11.5%, girls 7.3%) in 2005. There was no significant increase in metabolic syndrome between 2001 and 2005. The numbers of children with high triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol were especially higher than the other risk factors of metabolic syndrome in both 2001 and 2005. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome increased significantly with the increase in body mass index (OR = 1.42 in 2001, OR = 1.58 in 2005, P < 0.001), and leukocytes (OR = 1.33, P = 0.001)
Conclusions
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean children was 10.3% in 2001 and 9.5% in 2005. With the rise in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome, especially in obese children, the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome risk factors in young children will be a critical focus of public health and clinical practice.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

연구배경
대사증후군은 복부비만, 고혈압, 혈당상승, 중성지방 상승, HDL 콜레스테롤의 저하가 동반되는 질환으로, 인슐린저항성을 특징으로 하는 심혈관질환 위험인자이다. 하지만 한국의 소아, 청소년을 대상으로 한 대사증후군 연구는 부족한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 최근 표준화된 한국 소아 성장도표와 정상 혈압 참고치를 기준으로, 2001년과 2005년 국민건강영양조사를 분석하여 한국인 소아 청소년의 대사증후군 유병률과 그 경향성을 알아보고자 한다.
방 법
2001년과 2005년 국민건강영양조사에 참가한 10 ~ 18세의 소아를 대상으로 하였고, 2001년 조사에서 남자 667명, 여자 621명, 2005년 조사에서 남자 479명, 여자 420명의 설문조사, 검진자료를 분석하였다.
결 과
전체 대사증후군의 유병률은 2001년 자료에서는 10.3%(남자 13.1%, 여자 7.2%)였고, 2005년 자료에서는 9.5%(남자 11.5%, 여자 7.3%)였으며, 2001년과 2005년의 차이는 없었다. 대사증후군 항목 중에는 중성지방 상승, HDL 콜레스테롤 저하가 다른 항목에 비해 높은 유병률이 관찰되었고, 체질량지수가 증가함에 따라(OR = 1.58, P < 0.001), 백혈구수가 증가함에 따라(OR = 1.33, P = 0.001), 다른 요인들을 보정한 후에도 대사증후군의 유병률이 증가하였다.
결 론
한국 소아 청소년의 대사증후군 유병률은 2001년에는 10.3%, 2005년에는 9.5%로 조사되었다. 한국에서 소아의 대사증후군은 점점 증가하고 있으며 특히 비만아에서 대사증후군은 중요한 건강문제로 제기되고 있다. 따라서 소아기부터 대사증후군을 적극적으로 예방하고 치료하는 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

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