한국과 일본기업의 생산성 격차요인 연구: 산업혁신시스템(SIS)의 관점에서 = An Empirical Study on the Determinants of Productivity Gap between Korea and Japan: Sectoral Systems of Innovation Approach

국문 초록 (Abstract)

본고는 한국 통계청의 ‘기업활동조사’와 일본 경제산업성의 ‘기업활동기본조사’의 광범위한 데이터를 활용해 한국과 일본기업의 생산성 격차가 발생하는 요인을 분석했다. 회귀분석을 이용해 한국과 일본의 생산성 격차요인을 추정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 산업 수준의 생산성 추격 요인변수를 분석한 결과, 지식과 기술의 명시성이 높은 산업일수록 한국기업의 추격성과가 높게 나타났다. 또 한국기업의 생산성 추격과정에서 선두기업이 후발기업의 생산성을 끌어올리는 빅브라더 효과가 존재했다. 기업 수준의 요인변수를 분석한 결과, 혁신역량이 높은 기업들이 빠르게 생산성 추격을 이뤘으며, 특히 기업의 매출 규모가 클수록 혁신역량이 생산성 추격에 미치는 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 또 기업의 국제화 수준과 생산성 추격은 음의 관계를 보여, 국내 기업들은 수출을 통한 학습효과 보다 내수시장의 확대를 통해 생산성을 높이고 있는 것으로 분석됐다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper empirically investigates the determinants of productivity gap between Korea and Japan by employing the date from 2005 to 2006. According to the findings, the more explicitness of knowledge and technology the industry has, the higher catch-up outcome Korean firms in the industry have. Also, during the productivity catch-up process by Korean firms, the market leader acts like "Big Brother" helping followers to enhance their competitiveness. The empirical findings also show that the higher innovation capacity a firm has, the higher catch-up outcome it has, especially when it is a large-scale firm. In addition, this study finds that there is a negative correlation between internationalization and productive catch-up, implying that Korean firms enhance their competitiveness through increasing domestic market shares rather than learning from internationalization.

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