임화의 언어론 : 1930년대 중ㆍ후반의 견해를 중심으로 Especially in the Late 1930's during Colonial Period = Im Hwa’s Criticism on Korean Language

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

It was a very important problem for Im Hwa in late 1930s' how to describe Korean as an ethnic language in the history of Korean Literature. He wrote many articles about Korean language at that time, which was not only a premise for his historical writing of Korean Literature but also his viewpoint of political situation of colonial Korea. We can guess in variable ways why he began to write some articles like that at that time. It would be possible for us to think that the very important moment was the announcement and proclamation of "Unification plan of Korean orthography"(Hangul Matchumbeop Tong'ilan, October, 1933) by the Korean Language Association(Chosun Euhakhwe). He signed the statement which approved of that unification plan. We can understand that the announcement led him to have many interests about Korean as an ethnic language so that he wrote many articles about Korean language after that. It seems that his thinking about Korean Language was written referring positively to the language theory and policy in the Soviet Union at that time so that it may also be understood from his emphasizing the "ethnic language" (minjog'eo). For Marxism, ethnic liberation was a strictly secondary problem and should depend on class liberation. It might be so in European Marxism. However, the situation was different when the stage of revolution moved to Russia, and especially colonial Korea. It was clear that Im Hwa was once considering about Korean Language as a method of Proletarian Literature, which pursued internationalism. When he emphasized that Korean as an ethnic language was set in bad circumstances, he was also thinking about another language which was not Korean and forming "all adverse circumstances". He considered that it should be pursued to overcome the actual situations, diversities, and circumstances surrounding Korean Language, which could never be considered optimistically. Im Hwa has also considered concretely the content and generating process of modern Korean as an ethnic language with referring to rehabilitation of that after modern period, which was compared with the appearance of the slang in modern Europe. He became to think that the completion of Korean as an ethnic language was the main subject of all Korean writers, which is not only belonging to Proletarian writers. This is not the lingual supremacy which pursue the only protection of language itself. Im Hwa insisted that all Korean writers should accomplish the completion of Korean as an ethnic language and consider the role of language as a form. This expectation to writers and the consciousness to language were both based on his self-confidence or unique viewpoint to 'literature language' (munhag'eo). He pointed that writers should pursue the 'langue' itself although the seedbed for language dynamics was 'parole'. All languages change with the interactions of langue and parole. Im Hwa said that writers should use and pursue their language as 'langue' which was originally an abstract system in one language. His inclination to this universality was led to his way of writing on the history of Korean Literature. He recognized to integrate the Chinese writing by Korean writers in medieval period into his historical writing on Korean Literature. "Writers should pursue the langue"－Im Hwa was considering literature in the position beyond an only artist when he said that the writers' language was beyond the actual language.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 문제의 소재
• 2. 『한글 맞춤법』 통일안(1933.10)의 발표와 찬반 논쟁 : 문학자들의 경우
• 3. ‘민족어’로서의 조선어가 놓여진 위치
• 4. 민족어=조선어의 완성과 문학자의 역할
• 5. 결론