거주여건에 영향을 미치는 자율주행차 관련 법제에 대한 연구: 일본에서의 논의를 중심으로 = A Study on Autonomous Vehicle Related Laws that Affect Living Conditions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In Korea, which is entering a super-aging society by 2025, traffic accidents involving elderly drivers are emerging as a very important issue. As the proportion of elderly drivers among all drivers increases, traffic accidents involving elderly drivers are also expected to continue to increase. According to statistics from the Road Traffic Authority, elderly drivers aged 65 or older accounted for 14.5% (33,239 cases) of all traffic accidents in 2019, but their proportion has increased every year, reaching 20.0% (39,614 cases) of all accidents last year. Although the overall number of traffic accidents is decreasing, traffic accidents involving elderly drivers are actually increasing. In response, local governments across the country are providing a certain level of benefits for ‘returning driver’s licenses’ as a measure to ensure the safety of elderly drivers with impaired driving ability, but it is difficult to decide to return driver’s licenses for reasons such as ‘convenience of transportation such as shortening time’, ‘thinking that safe driving is possible’, or ‘preparing for emergencies’. Especially in areas where transportation is insufficient, it is not easy for elderly drivers to return their driver's licenses because private vehicles play an essential role in daily life.
Against this backdrop, autonomous vehicles are expected to have various effects, such as solving the shortage of local public transportation as a new means of transportation and reducing traffic accidents caused by human drivers' negligence. Above all, it is expected to greatly contribute to improving the local residential environment as it makes it possible to improve living conditions in vulnerable urban areas.
In this paper, we examined the legal and institutional environment for research and development and commercialization of autonomous vehicles by the government and private companies in Japan, which entered a super-aging society for the first time in the world in 2007, and reviewed the direction in which our society should move forward.

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