도시 강우유출수 특성조사 및 장치형 비점오염 저감시설의 제거효율 향상 연구 = Investigation on Characteristics of Urban Runoff and Study for Enhance of Removal Efficiencies by Non-Point Pollutants Removal Equipments

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Many efforts of investment for treatment facilities such as wastewater treatment plants and sewer systems have limit in order to enhance the quality of lake and river. It resulted in more interests on the management of non-point source pollution. Many treatment facilities have been designed and operated including the storm filter and natural penetrating system to the ground.
In this research, verifying on characteristics of runoff in urban areas was conducted in order to refer the results when non-point pollutants removal facilities were designed. And two different systems of lab-scale equipment was used in order to compare the pollutants removal efficiencies of vortex type equipment and ones of inclined plate settler. There were another experiment in order to improve the efficiency of vortex type equipment into which textile balls were input.
In all three site-highway, industrial complex and residental areas, the results revealed that the concentrations of pollutants were higher in initial rainfall just as typical runoff in urban areas and the TSS showed relatively higher concentrations as 23 to 80 mg/L than other pollutants. It means particle materials are target pollutant to remove from initial run-off by non-point pollutants removal facilities.
In case of vortex type equipment, the average removal efficiency of TSS was about 25% under three different inflow conditions and it showed increasing trend as the inflow rate increased.
In case of inclined plate settler, the removal efficiency of TSS was about 35%. There were significant differences compare with vortex type facility, removal efficiencies were decreased as inflow rate increased in contradiction to vortex type. It seemed that the mechanisms between two systems are different, one is settlement by the centrifugal force, the other is by gravity, respectively.
In case of vortex type equipment with textile balls, the removal efficiency of TSS was about 50% highest among three different equipments, it showed increasing trend as the inflow rate increased just as vortex type. It seemed that the collision and adsorption between textile balls and particles attracted enhance of removal efficiency.
In this study, the inclined plate settler showed the potentiality as effective non-point reduction facility and the enhance of removal efficiencies was achieved by adding of textile balls in vortex type equipment. But it needs comprehensive consideration of management, treatment efficiencies of pollutants when large-scale of facilities are applied to the on-site.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 1. 서론 1
• 1.1. 연구배경 1
• 1.2. 연구방법 및 목적 4
• 2. 문헌연구 6
• 2.1 비점오염원의 정의 6
• 2.2 도시지역에서의 강우유출수의 특징 9
• 2.2.1 강우유출수내의 비점오염물질의 종류 9
• 2.2.2 도로에서의 비점오염물질 발생과 유출 12
• 2.2.3 도로지역 해빙 유출수의 특성 16
• 2.3 비점오염 저감시설 17
• 2.3.1 비점오염 저감시설의 종류 17
• 2.3.2 장치형 비점저감시설의 특징 23
• 2.3.3 국내외 적용사례분석 49
• 2.4 와류형 비점 저감시설의 원리와 특징 69
• 2.4.1 와류형 장치 역사 69
• 2.4.2 와류형 장치 원리 및 특징 72
• 2.4.3 와류형 장치의 최근개발동향 77
• 2.5 경사판침전지 77
• 2.5.1 경사판 침전지의 역사 77
• 2.5.2 경사판 침전지의 원리와 특징 78
• 2.5.3 경사판 침전지의 설계기준 83
• 2.5.4 경사판 침전지 운영관리 시 고려사항 84
• 3. 실험 89
• 3.1 도시지역 유출수 특성 조사 89
• 3.1.1 샘플링지점 선정 89
• 3.1.2 모니터링방법 94
• 3.1.3 모니터링방법 및 샘플링간격 94
• 3.1.4 분석항목 및 방법 95
• 3.2 장치형 저감시설 및 실험방법 97
• 3.2.1 와류형장치 97
• 3.2.2 경사판장치 99
• 3.2.3 와류형＋섬유볼장치 101
• 3.3 유입원수 103
• 3.4 분석방법 103
• 4. 결과 및 고찰 104
• 4.1 도시강우유출수의 특성 104
• 4.1.1 고속도로 유출수 모니터링 결과 104
• 4.1.2 산업단지 유출수 모니터링 결과 114
• 4.1.3 주거지역 유출수 모니터링 결과 120
• 4.2 와류장치의 오염물질 제거 특성 124
• 4.2.1 유량별 오염물질별 제거특성 124
• 4.2.2 입도분포별 제거 특성 134
• 4.3 경사판침전지의 오염물질 제거 특성 136
• 4.3.1 유입유량별 오염물질별 제거 특성 136
• 4.3.2 입도분포별제거 특성 142
• 4.4 와류형+섬유볼 장치의 오염물질 제거 특성 144
• 4.4.1 유입유량별 오염물질별 제거 특성 144
• 4.4.2 입도분포별 제거 특성 150
• 4.5 장치별 오염물질 제거 특성비교 151
• 5. 결론 154
• 참고문헌 156
• Abstract 161