Proteomics Analysis of Rice Proteins Up-regulated in Response to Bacterial Leaf Streak Disease

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Bacterial leaf streak (BLS), caused by the pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzicola, is a major rice disease in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia. Rice proteins responsive to BLS are still not well characterized.
We took a proteomics approach to identify the proteins that are up-regulated in rice leaves after infection.
Approximately 1,500 protein spots were detected on each 2-D gel after silver-staining; those with increased protein levels were selected for MALDI-TOF-MS analysis. We identified 32 up-regulated proteins that might be involved in disease resistance signal transduction, pathogenesis, and regulation of cell metabolism. By using publicly available microarray data, we determined the mRNA transcripts of 23 proteins expressed in the leaves. Seven genes were analyzed by northern blots, which demonstrated that transcript levels were increased after bacterial infection. Our findings help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying BLS and provide a solid foundation for further research on the functions of relevant genes.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Mortz E, "qImproved silver staining protocols for high sensitivity protein identification using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis" 1 : 1359-1363, 2001

2 안진흥, "Trapping and characterization of cold-responsive genes from T-DNA tagging lines in rice" ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD 166 (166): 69-79, 200401

3 Ito Y, "Transcript levels of tandem-arranged alternative oxidase genes in rice are increased by low temperature" 203 : 121-129, 1997

4 Damerval C, "The technical improvements in two-dimensional electrophoresis increase the level of genetic variation detected in wheat-seedling proteins" 7 : 52-54, 1986

5 TerBush DR, "The exocyst is a multiprotein complex required for exocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae" 15 : 6483-6494, 1996

6 Wang P, "The cyclophilins" 6 : 226-, 2005

7 Zorb C, "The biochemical reaction of maize (Zea mays L.) to salt stress is characterized by a mitigation of symptoms and not by a specific adaptation" 167 : 91-100, 2004

8 Small ID, "The PPR motif - a TPR-related motif prevalent in plant organellar proteins" 25 : 46-47, 2000

9 Chen Z, "Screening of microsatellite markers for resistance to bacterial leaf streak and their application to marker-assisted selection in rice" 33 : 202-205, 2004

10 Jiang J, "Regulation role of reactive oxygen species and mitogen-activated protein kinases in plant stress signaling" 31 : 1-10, 2005

11 Shigeoka S, "Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes" 53 : 1305-1319, 2002

12 Chen F, "Proteomic analysis of rice cultivar Jiafuzhan in the responses to Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzicola infection" 33 : 1051-1058, 2007

13 Li D, "Proteomic analysis of blue light-induced twining response in Cuscuta australis" 72 : 205-213, 2010

14 Sivakumar P, "Proline alleviates salt stress induced enhancement in the activity of ribulose-1, 5- bisphosphate oxygenase" 279 : 512-515, 2000

15 McDowell JM, "Plant disease resistance genes: recent insights and potential applications" 21 : 178-183, 2003

16 Mutlu A, "Plant aspartic proteinases: enzymes on the way to a function" 105 : 569-576, 1999

17 DeYoung BJ, "Plant NBS-LRR proteins in pathogen sensing and host defense" 7 : 1243-1249, 2006

18 Sambrook J, "Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual. Ed 2" Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 366-489, 1989

19 Shevchenko A, "Mass spectrometric sequencing of proteins from silver-stained polyacrylamide gels" 68 : 850-858, 1996

20 Gharahdaghi F, "Mass spectrometric identification of proteins from silverstainedpolyacrylamide gel: a method for the removal of silverions to enhance sensitivity" 20 : 601-605, 1999

21 Tang D, "Mapping of QTLs conferring resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice" 101 : 286-291, 2000

22 Chen C, "Major QTL conferring resistance to rice bacterial leaf streak" 5 : 101-105, 2006

23 Xia Y, "Lamb C" 23 : 980-988, 2004

24 Wang GL, "Isolation and characterization of rice mutants compromised in Xa21-mediated resistance to X. oryzae pv. Oryzae" 108 : 379-384, 2004

25 Strickland JA, "Inhibition of Diabrotica larval growth by patatin, the lipid acyl hydrolase from potato tubers" 109 : 667-674, 1995

26 Jung EH, "Identification of a novel pathogen-induced gene encoding a leucine-rich repeat protein expressed in phloem cells of Capsicum annuum" 1676 : 211-222, 2004

27 Wisser KJ, "Identification and characterization of regions of the rice genome associated with broad-spectrum, quantitative disease resistance" 169 : 2277-2293, 2005

28 Thomas CM, "Genetic and molecular analysis of tomato Cf genes for resistance to Cladosporium fulvum" 353 : 1413-1424, 1998

29 Bischoff F, "GTPbinding proteins in plants" 55 : 233-256, 1999

30 Martino CD, "Free amino acids and glycine betaine in leaf osmoregulation of spinach responding to increasing salt stress" 158 : 455-463, 2003

31 Han Q, "Fine mapping of qBlsr5a, a QTL controlling resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice" 34 : 4-, 2008

32 Sasabe M, "Elicitin-responsive lectin-like receptor kinase genes in BY-2 cells" 18 : 152-159, 2007

33 Xiong L, "Disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance in rice are inversely modulated by an abscisic acid-inducible mitogen-activated protein kinase" 15 : 745-759, 2003

34 Zheng JS, "Detection of QTL conferring resistance to bacterial leaf streak in rice chromosome 2 (O. sativa L. spp. indica)" 38 : 1923-1925, 2005

35 Huang Q, "Analysis of the defense responsiveness in hybrid rice Minghui63 against bacterial leaf streak (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola) using twodimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry" 45 : 86-90, 2006

36 Song WY, "A receptor kinase-like protein encoded by the rice disease resistance gene, Xa21" 270 : 1804-1806, 1995

37 Matos AR, "A patatin-like protein with galactolipase activity is induced by drought stress in Vigna unguiculata leaves" 28 : 779-781, 2000

38 Kim DW, "A hydroponic rice seedling culture model system for investigating proteome of salt stress in rice leaf" 26 : 4521-4539, 2005

39 Yu J, "A draft sequence of rice genome (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica)" 296 : 79-92, 2002

40 Haussuhl K, "A chloroplast DegP2 protease performs the primary cleavage of the photodamaged D1 protein in plant photosystem" 20 : 713-722, 2001