한국노인의 신체적 건강상태 도구개발과 신체적 건강상태에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Development of Physical Health Assessment Tool and Health Status of Korean Elderly

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study was attempted to organize a comprehensive and objective instrument measuring the health status of the elderly in physical aspect and them with which to measure the actual health status of Korean elderly.
Data collection was done from 18, July to 17, August, 1990.
Subjects were 412 elderly in Korea. Sampling method used was convenience sampling after their place of residence is stratified into large, medium and small city and rural area. Those who participate in the house for elderly located in Suhdaemun-Gu, Mapo-Gu, Kangnam-Gu, of Seoul were interviewed as those who reside in large city by research and the student nurse who were trained. The community elderlies of chung Ju, Jean Ju, Chuncheon, Jin Ju involved in medium-small city was interviewed by professors of nursing colleges. Rural elderlies were interviewed by the community health practitioners who are working in a community health clinic respectively located in Kyungsang Buk-Do, Kyungsan Nam-Do, Jeonla Buk-Do, Joenla Nam-Do, Kyung Ki-Do.
The tool used in this study was by structured questionnaire which was organized based on previous literature review and them tested it's reliability and validity by the researcher.
This tool was structured with 20 physical health status items. The items were analized in to 6 factors such as personal hygine activity ability, extra home ability (utilizing traffic, mass-media, spare time), digestive system related ability, sexual ability, sensory ability and elimination ability.
Data analysis included : percentage, average, S.D., t-test and ANOVA.
The results of the analysis follows ;
1. The tool measuring the physical status of elderly which is organized for this research revealed relatively high reliability with Chronbach's α=.84544.
2. Average value of subjects physical health status was 4.054 in the 5 Likert scales.
3. Sex, age, marital status, educational background, family structure, occupation, perceived health status, residence, sources of living expense, the amount of pocket money variables revealed significant differences in average in physical health status.
The following conclusion was derived from the above results :
1. Physical health status of Korean elderly was relatively well but the method was needed in order to increase the digestive system related ability.
2. Sex, age, marital status, educational background, family structure, occupation, perceived health status, residence, sources of living expense, the amount of pocket money of elderly must be considered as physical health assessment criteria of Korean elderly.