As we observed previously, the Chinese, Korean, and Japanese penal reactions were different form those of the West due to philosophical as well as conceptual differences in viewing Nature, man, and society. The concept of inequality among men was acce...
As we observed previously, the Chinese, Korean, and Japanese penal reactions were different form those of the West due to philosophical as well as conceptual differences in viewing Nature, man, and society. The concept of inequality among men was accepted by the masses and each individual was controlled by his status and roles as assigned by his group. The Confucian doctrines have placed the state as beyond the clan, the family, and the individual. The individual's highest social achievement was not computed on the basis of wealth, but rather by his wisdom, his knowledge, his sociability, and his sense of devotion to the family, clan, and society.