New techniques in food and beverage microbiology

목차 (Table of Contents)

• CONTENTS
• Contributors = xi
• Preface = xiv
• 1 Extraction and Concentration of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria by Lectin Magnetic Separation / M.J. Payne ; Shona Campbell ; R.G.Kroll = 1
• Separation processes for isolating bacteria = 1
• Adsorption of bacteria to magnetic particles = 8
• Isolation of bacteria from foods by LMS = 10
• Conclusion = 14
• Acknowledgements = 15
• References = 15
• 2 Immunomagnetic Separation Techniques for the Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Foods / K.S.Cudjoe ; P.D. Patel ; E. Olsen ; E.Skjerve ; $$\O$$.Olsvik = 17
• Development of immunomagnetic particles = 18
• Principles of immunomagnetic separation = 18
• Binding of antibodies to magnetic particles = 20
• Isolation of bacteria from foods by immunomagnetic separation = 22
• Factors that affect the performance of immunomagnetic particles = 24
• Detection systems after immunornagnetic separation = 26
• Conclusion = 28
• References = 28
• 3 Rapid Separation and Detection of Foodborne Yeasts and Moulds by Means of Lectins / P.D. Patel ; D.W. Williams ; S.D. Haines = 31
• Reagents = 32
• Separation methods = 32
• Detection methods = 34
• Conclusion = 39
• Acknowledgements = 41
• References = 41
• 4 Separation of Salmonella from Foods with Magnetic Antibody- based Biosorbents / J.A. Bobbitt ; J.P. Steer ; J.L. Jones ; R.P. Betts = 43
• Construction and development of biosorbents = 45
• Integration of rapid and conventional detection of pathogenic microorganisms in foods = 47
• Conclusions = 52
• Acknowledgements = 53
• References = 53
• 5 Ultrasonic Standing Waves : Microbiological Applications / A.F. Zamani ; R.W. Owen ; D.J. Clarke = 55
• Applications of particle banding = 55
• Geometry of the transducer = 55
• Forces acting on the particles = 58
• Theoretical treatment = 59
• Experimental studies and applications = 62
• Biological applications = 62
• Biological effects = 64
• Safety considerations = 65
• References = 65
• 6 Detection and Enumeration of Viable Bacteria by Flow Cytometry / A.C. Pinder ; C. Edwards ; Rosemary G. Clarke ; J.P. Diaper ; Sandy A.G. Poulter = 67
• Immunofluorescence flow cytometry = 69
• Flow cytometry for the assessment of viability = 77
• Conclusion = 84
• Acknowledgements = 85
• References = 85
• 7 Industrial Application of Flow Cytometry for the Rapid Detection of Microorganisms / M.A. Brailsford ; S. Gatley = 87
• Optical analysis = 88
• Flow cytometry = 88
• Fluorescence cell-labelling techniques = 89
• Applications in industrial microbiology = 90
• Conclusions = 97
• References = 99
• 8 New Techniques for the Detection of Protozoan Parasites in Water / G. Vesey ; J.S. Slade ; M. Byrne ; K. Shepherd ; C.R. Fricker = 101
• Sample collection and concentration = 102
• Filtration = 103
• Flocculation = 104
• Other concentration methods = 104
• Clarification procedures = 104
• Immunofluorescence staining = 105
• Flow cytometry = 106
• Method development = 110
• References = 113
• 9 Indirect Impedance for Microbial Screening in the Food and Beverage Industries / P. Druggan ; S.J. Forsythe ; P. Silley = 115
• Medium design = 115
• Electrical detection system = 117
• Indirect impedance = 117
• Indirect impedance in the study of microbial biofilms = 124
• Justification of indirect impedance = 128
• Acknowledgements = 129
• References = 129
• 10 Monoclonal Antibody-based ELISAS / H.J. Ball ; S. Kerr ; D.P. Mackie = 131
• Salmonella sandwich ELISA = 132
• Sandwich ELISA for detection of subclinical mastitis = 139
• Sandwich ELISA for verotoxin 1 = 142
• Conclusions = 143
• References = 144
• 11 Specific and Rapid Detection of Foodborne Bacteria with rRNA Sequences and the Polymerase Chain Reaction / Kathleen A.Grant ; Joanne H. Dickinson ; R.G. Kroll = 147
• DNA extraction = 149
• Primer design = 152
• Polymerase chain reaction = 154
• Probing with PCR products = 155
• Detection of bacteria in food samples with 16S rDNA primers = 156
• Conclusions = 159
• References = 160
• 12 Detection of Toxigenic Microorganisms in Foods by PCR / I.G. Wilson ; A. Gilmour ; J.E. Cooper = 163
• Testing for enterotoxin genes in foods = 163
• Detection in skimmed milk of the Staphylococcus aureus sec+ enterotoxin C1-encoding gene = 166
• Conclusion = 170
• References = 171
• 13 Combined Subtraction Hybridization and PCR Amplification for Generating High-specificity Bacterial DNA Probes / A.J. Bjourson ; J.E. Cooper = 173
• Outline of procedure = 174
• Probe generation = 175
• Conclusions = 179
• References = 180
• 14 Microbial Detection and Two-dimensional Preservative Mapping Using lux-based Bioluminescence / Carole L. Reid ; W.M. Waites ; G.S.A.B. Stewart = 181
• Principles of bioluminescence mapping = 181
• Mapping antimicrobial areas in foods = 184
• Conclusions = 187
• Acknowledgements = 188
• References = 188
• 15 Diarrhoetic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins / A.H. Ritchie = 191
• Shellfish poisoning toxins = 191
• Toxin assay = 195
• Conclusions = 196
• Acknowledgements = 200
• References = 200
• 16 Tissue Culture Assay for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins / Susan Gallacher ; Karen Evans ; M. Blackburn ; M. Waldock ; T.H. Birkbeck = 203
• Tissue culture assay for sodium channel-blocking toxins = 204
• References = 209
• 17 Multilocus Enzyme Elcctrophoresis / P.G. Murphy = 211
• Principle of MEE = 211
• Method = 212
• Applications in food microbiology = 217
• Conclusions = 219
• References = 220
• 18 Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry for the Epidemiological Typing of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens / Penelope R. Sisson ; N.F. Lightfoot ; R. Freeman = 223
• Procedure = 224
• Epidemiological typing of foodborne pathogens by PyMS = 228
• Conclusions = 229
• References = 230
• 19 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis for Epidemiological Typing of Listetia monocytogenes / Anne M. Ridley ; N.A. Saunders = 231
• Epidemiological typing of L. monocytogenes = 231
• RFLP typing = 232
• Interpretation of results = 241
• Examples of RFLP typing = 243
• Conclusion = 248
• References = 248
• 20 Pulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis for the Analysis of Bacterial Populations / Fiona M. Thomson-Carter ; P.E. Carter ; T.H. Pennington = 251
• Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis = 252
• The uses of PFGE = 259
• Conclusion = 262
• Acknowledgements = 262
• References = 263
• 21 Ribotyping and Arbitrary-primer PCR Fingerprinting of Campylobacters / R.J. Owen ; J. Hernandez = 265
• Campylobacter identification and typing = 266
• Ribotyping of Campylobacter = 267
• DNA restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) = 270
• Fingerprinting of Campylobacter by RAPD-PCR = 278
• Future prospects = 282
• Acknowledgements = 282
• References = 283
• 22 Epidemiological Typing of Bacterial Isolates by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA / K. Wernars ; C.J. Heuvelman = 287
• RAPD procedure = 288
• Optimization and troubleshooting = 290
• Conclusions = 293
• References = 293
• Index = 295