나라다의 박띠 수행에 대한 고찰 -고전 요가와 대비를 중심으로- = A Study on Narada`s Bhakti-Yoga Forcusing on Classical Yoga

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of the treatise is to make a special study of bhakti and bhakti-yoga described in Bhakti-sutra by Narada who made a turning point of Bhakti religion. First of all, This treatise has been made specifically to explore the interrelation between bhakti-yoga and classical yoga pictured in Bhakti-sutra, with the start of clarifying the real meaning of bhakti. It is said that the definition of bhakti is the highest devotion and love to God. The final aim of bhakti is Amrta(immortality). Amrta represents the direct experience of the ultimate blessing and eternity rising above time. This is exactly the same with the experience of Sat-Cit-Ananda. Perfect dedication and realization of love mean the experience of Ananda itself. And there are two types of bhakti. These are gunai bhakti and parabhakti or sadhya bhakti. The difference between two solely depends on existence or nonexistence of ego consciousness. With these two bhakti, Narada had been trying to withdraw parabhakti to God who was lacking ego, free from the worldly avarice. The transcendent experience through pure love can be accomplished by various kinds of practices. Bhakti-sutra has shown some methods of practices such as cannon study, spiritual cultivation of five Atmaguna, bowing and chanting, parabhakti and grace of God, and so on. It apparently seems to have nothing to do with yoga, since these are conventional practices of bhakti religion. But there has been Patanjali`s yama and niyama, pratyahara, dharana and samadhi to be applied to yoga practices. In a conclusion, It is recognized that Narada has finally achieved the consolidation of bhakti and yoga by applying yoga practices to bhakti practices. He had also put bhakti on the center of history of Indian religions. Since then, Ramanuja has paved the way to complete the foundation of Indian bhakti philosophy with the help of Narada.

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