Since the 1960s, thanks to the economic development, the housing conditions in Korea have, to a certain extent, been improved. Industrialization, however, has brought about urban overcrowding, and the trend toward smaller families has led to the incre...
Since the 1960s, thanks to the economic development, the housing conditions in Korea have, to a certain extent, been improved. Industrialization, however, has brought about urban overcrowding, and the trend toward smaller families has led to the increasing housing demand. How to solve the lack of housing has been an important issue in Korea. Korea has carrying out the housing reconstruction in an effort to solve it, but there are some problems in the housing reconstruction.
Above all, its limitation is that in spite of public works, the government is driving its project based on civilians' profits on developing, which causes social conflicts among the participants of housing reconstruction. In this study, to ease the conflicting causes of the housing reconstruction project, and to achieve its ultimate goal, which is to improve the housing conditions of the residents in outmoded and poor housing areas, improving devices are presented as follows.
Ⅰ. In the institutional and operational view
First, the legislative system should be rationalized. The purpose of 'Urban and housing surroundings improvement act' and 'Special act for promoting urban re-improvement' is discordant and its contents are inconsistent. Thus, the acts should be both partially revised and complemented. In addition, instead of the mode of the joint reconstruction by whole removal, the modes of the preservative reconstruction and the restoring reconstruction are going on at the same time.
Second, the standard of designated improvement zones should be rationalized. It should be enlarged to the social and economic condition change as well as the physical view on estates and buildings.
Third, the efficient housing reconstruction project should be enforced. To this end, the urban plan and reconstruction specialists should be induced to participate in the project so that they may establish a reconstruction plan suitable for local characteristics.
Fourth, the government should legislate the project plan period. Unless the project plan are drafted within a certain period after designating reconstruction zones, it is desirable to be deprived of the effect of the reconstruction zone designation. This leads to shorten the period and prevent the restraints of property rights and speculations due to the delay of the project
Ⅱ. In the social and economic view
First, the system for local people's settlement at the very spot should be improved. To gain economic profits in the project as much as possible, irrespective of union members' share in the expenses, the ratio of national housing scale apartments to rental apartments should be regulated to meet the local conditions rather than to build mid and large apartments.
Second, the policy for tenants should be strengthened. The tenant policy should be stipulated as a public duty of the country or self-governing bodies against their living rights or profit rights.
Third, temporary accommodation should come into effect as it is stipulated in the law. Besides, the requirement for moving in temporary accommodation should include tenants as well as lessors. In case of the trouble of temporary accommodation, moving expenses should be readjusted to a realistic level of the nearby housing price.
Ⅲ. In the view of the urban plan
First, the environment-friendly housing surroundings should be ensured. The proper population density reflected in natural characteristics should be developed and the harmonious and environment-friendly housing sites reflected in the environmental policy of self-governing bodies should be induced.
Second, the urban plan for the future should be made. The town functions as an organic structure and the housing reconstruction project should be also drafted in connection with the whole town.
In this study, the problems of the housing reconstruction project and improving devices are presented. But the following study should be supplemented.