복합적응시스템으로서 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성과 조합적 경쟁역량에 관한 연구 = Adaptability and combinative capability of supply chain network as complex adaptive system

국문 초록 (Abstract)

현재의 급변하는 경쟁환경에서 공급사슬관리가 기업의 생존을 위한 필수조건으로 빠르게 인식되고 있지만, 조직 내 관리자들은 역동적이고 복합적인 공급사슬네트워크의 특성, 예측 불가능한 경쟁환경, 이에 따른 관리의 부재에 직면해 있다. 따라서 기업들은 장기적인 생존을 위하여 경쟁환경 및 공급사슬 기반의 참여자들의 변화에 능동적으로 대응할 수 있는 공급사슬네트워크를 개발해야 하는 한편 예측 불가능한 경쟁환경에서 지속적인 경쟁역량을 유지할 수 있도록 공급사슬네트워크를 빠르게 재구성할 수 있는 능력을 요구받고 있다. 본 논문은 경쟁환경의 구조적 변화에 적합하도록 공급사슬네트워크의 설계를 재조정하고 전략, 제품, 기술에 따라 공급사슬을 수정하는 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성을 개념화하며 이를 통해 획득될 수 있는 제조업체의 조합적 경쟁역량을 특성화한다.
본 논문은 제조업체의 전략적 시각에서 경쟁환경에 대한 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성에 대한 기반적 구조를 밝히고 이에 따른 제조업체의 조합적 경쟁역량의 특성을 확인한다. 이를 위하여 본 논문은 물리학 및 생물학에서 연구되고 있는 복합적응시스템이론을 경영학의 제 분야인 공급사슬관리에 적용시킴으로써 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성에 관한 주요 속성들을 개발하고 이들에 대한 분석을 실증적으로 수행함으로써 복합적응시스템의 관점에서 공급사슬들을 관리하는 효과적인 방법들을 제시한다. 구체적으로 본 논문은 기초적 이론의 고찰과 엄격한 통계적 방법을 기반으로 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성의 개념을 조작적으로 정의할 수 있는 방법은 무엇인가?, 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성이 조합적 경쟁역량을 유도하는 방법은 무엇인가?, 그리고 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성은 사업성과에 어떤 방식으로 영향을 미치는가? 와 같은 연구주제를 탐색하고 분석한다.
본 논문은 복합적응시스템의 개념을 공급사슬환경에서 조작화하고 이를 측정할 수 있는 모형을 개발함으로써 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성을 활용 활동과 탐색 활동의 조합으로서 개념화하였고, 이 두 형태의 활동간 상호작용이 기업으로 하여금 미래의 시장조건을 자사에게 유리하게 적합시키기 위한 기회를 탐색할 수 있도록 하고, 동시에 단기적인 생존능력을 확보하기 위하여 현재의 역량과 공급사슬의 효율성을 개선시킨다는 것을 실증적으로 밝혀냈다. 또한, 본 논문의 결과는 기업의 조합적 경쟁역량이 개별적 경쟁역량의 누적으로 특성화될 수 있음을 보여주며, 이와 같은 조합적 경쟁역량의 획득이 공급사슬이 실행하는 적응 활동을 통해서 이루어질 수 있음을 밝혀냈다. 마지막으로, 본 논문은 조합적 경쟁역량이 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성의 사업성과에 대한 영향력을 매개한다는 것을 밝혀냄으로써, 복합적응시스템의 관점에서 기업이 공급사슬네트워크의 성과를 효과적으로 관리하는 방법들을 제시하였다.
본 논문은 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성에 관하여 이론적으로 정의하고 이를 측정하며, 공급사슬네트워크가 효율성뿐만 아니라 이와 동시에 새로운 역량들과 이들 사이에 존재하는 기회의 탐색에 초점을 맞추는 것이 필요하다는 실증적 증거를 제시하고, 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성, 경쟁역량, 그리고 사업성과 사이의 관계를 실증적으로 분석하였다는 측면에서 학문적으로 공헌을 하고 있으며, 공급사슬관리자로 하여금 그들이 직면하는 문제가 무엇이고, 그 문제를 해결하는 과정에서 그 문제가 어디서 그리고 왜 발생하는가에 관한 이해를 지원한다는 측면에서 실무적 의의를 지닌다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This thesis addresses manufacturers’ ability to influence their supply chain network in order to adapt to their competitive environment. From the perspective of a manufacturer, the supply chain comprises a network of suppliers and customers, and is theoretically viewed as a complex adaptive system. The supply chain network is the set of suppliers and customers whose strategies, products, technologies, and systems can be influenced by the manufacturer. Different degrees of adaptability of supply chain network emerge, which this study defines as the ability of the supply chain network to reconfigure and adjust its operations in the face of changing competitive environments.
This study considers the following questions: (1) How can adaptability of supply chain network be operationally defined? (2) How does adaptability of supply chain network lead to combinative capability? (3) What is the influence of adaptability of supply chain network on business performance? Drawing on literature streams in supply chain management, operations strategy, organizational change and learning, and complexity theory, this study develops and tests the constructs and operational measures of adaptability of supply chain network and models the nomological set of relationships among constructs that form the basis of our theory. This study then develops and tests a model describing the outcomes of adaptability of supply chain network and its influence on combinative capability and business performance.
Using data from 170 supply chain managers, this study tests for the effects of adaptability of supply chain network on exploitation and exploration activities and for the effects of adaptability of supply chain network on combinative capability. Based on complex adaptive system theory, this study develops eights competencies that characterize exploitation and exploration in supply chain network practices: partner compatibility, supplier information exchange, customer information exchange, implementation capacity, management openness, supplier empowerment, customer openness, and landscape awareness.
Empirical results of this study show that adaptability supply chain network directly and positively affects combinative capability. Further, this study finds that adaptability of supply chain network does not impact business performance directly, but rather is mediated through combinative capability, which provides the requisite variety for firms to survive and thrive in dynamic environments. Ultimately, it is possible and desirable for manufacturers to strengthen exploitation and exploration practices simultaneously in order to enhance the adaptability of supply chain network and improve business performance.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 제 1 장 서 론 1
• 제 1 절 연구의 배경 및 목적 1
• 제 2 절 연구방법 및 구성 3
• 제 2 장 이론적 배경 5
• 제 1 절 적응 5
• 제 2 절 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성 7
• 제 3 절 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성과 복합적응시스템 9
• 제 4 절 조합적 경쟁역량 11
• 제 5 절 경쟁환경 12
• 제 3 장 연구모형과 연구가설 14
• 제 1 절 연구모형 14
• 제 2 절 연구가설 15
• 1. 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성에 관한 가설 15
• 2. 활용 활동에 관한 가설 16
• 3. 탐색 활동에 관한 가설 23
• 4. 조합적 경쟁역량에 관한 가설 30
• 5. 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성과 조합적 경쟁역량에 관한 가설 32
• 6. 조합적 경쟁역량과 사업성과에 관한 가설 33
• 7. 경쟁환경에 관한 가설 34
• 제 4 장 연구방법 37
• 제 1 절 변수의 조작적 정의와 측정방법 37
• 1. 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성 관련 변수 37
• 2. 조합적 경쟁역량 관련 변수 39
• 3. 경쟁환경 관련 변수 40
• 4. 사업성과 관련 변수 41
• 제 2 절 자료수집 대상과 방법 42
• 제 3 절 표본의 설정과 특성 44
• 1. 표본의 설정 44
• 2. 표본의 특성 46
• 제 5 장 측정모형 50
• 제 1 절 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성 50
• 1. 신뢰성 분석 50
• 2. Second-order 확인요인분석 51
• 3. 타당성 분석 56
• 제 2 절 조합적 경쟁역량 59
• 1. 신뢰성 분석 59
• 2. Second-order 확인요인분석 59
• 3. 타당성 분석 61
• 제 3 절 제 2차 확인요인분석 64
• 제 6 장 가설 검정 68
• 제 1 절 연구모형의 검정 68
• 제 2 절 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성에 관한 가설검정과 논의 70
• 1. 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성에 관한 가설검정 70
• 2. 활용 활동에 관한 가설검정 71
• 3. 탐색 활동에 관한 가설검정 73
• 제 3 절 조합적 경쟁역량에 관한 가설검정과 논의 75
• 제 4 절 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성과 조합적 경쟁역량에 관한 가설검정과 논의 77
• 제 5 절 조합적 경쟁역량과 사업성과에 관한 가설검정과 논의 79
• 제 6 절 경쟁환경에 관한 가설검정과 논의 83
• 1. 환경적 역동성에 관한 가설검정 84
• 2. 환경적 성장성에 관한 가설검정 85
• 제 7 장 결 론 88
• 제 1 절 학문적 공헌 88
• 1. 공급사슬관리와 복합적응시스템 89
• 2. 공급사슬관리와 활용 및 탐색 활동의 조화 90
• 3. 공급사슬네트워크의 적응성과 조합적 경쟁역량 91
• 4. 변수의 개발 및 방법론 91
• 제 2 절 실무적 공헌 92
• 제 3 절 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향 93
• 참고문헌 96
• <부록 1> 본조사 설문지 112
• 영문초록 122

참고문헌 (Reference)

1. Hypercompetition, D'Aveni, , 1994

2. What is strategy?, Poter, What Is Strategy?, , 1996

3. The myopia of learning, March, Levinthal, , 1993

4. Operations-based Strategy, Hayes, Upton, , 1998

5. Surfing The Edge of Chaos, Pascale, , 1999

6. The Trip1e-A Supply Chain, Lee, , 2004

7. The Architecture of Simplicity, Miller, , 1993

8. The Concept Corporate Strategy, Andrews, , 1971

9. The sciences of the artificial, Simon, Herbert Alexander, MIT Press, The Sciences of The Artificial, , 1996

10. 한국표준산업분류체계, 통계청, 통계기획국, , 2006

11. Fortune Favors The Prepared Firm, Cohen, , 1994

12. A theory of production competence, Anderson, Cleveland, , 1989

13. Dynamic capabilities: What are they?, Martin, Eisenhardt, Dynamic Capabilities: What Are They?, , 2000

14. Towards a dynamic theory of strategy, Poter, Towards A Dynamic Theory of Strategy, , 1991

15. Logistics and Supply Chain Management, Martin Christopher, , 1998

16. Organizational culture and leadership, Schein, Edgar H, Jossey-Bass, Organizational Culture and Leadership, , 1997

17. A taxonomy of manufacturing strategies, Miller, Roth, A Taxonomy of Manufacturing Strategies, , 1994

18. Strategic Planning: Forward in Reverse?, Hayes, , 1985

19. Dominant Designs and The Survival of Firm, Suarez, , 1995

20. The Red Queen in Organizational Evolution, Barnett, M.T.Hansen, , 1996

21. Explaining complex organizational dynamics, Dooley, Van de ven, , 1999

22. The coevolution of new organizational forms, Carroll, Long, Lewin, , 1999

23. Dynamic Capabilities and Strategic Managemen, A.Shuen, Teece, , 1997

24. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales, Khan.B.H, , 1960

25. Artificial Adaptive Agents in Economic Theory, J.H.Miller, Holland, , 1991

26. CentralProblems in the Management ofInnovation, Van de ven, Central Problems in The Management of Innovation, , 1986

27. Multivariate Data Analysis, Upper Saddle River, R.E.Anderson, W.C.Black, Hair, R.L.Tatham, "Multivariate Data Analysis, , 1998

28. Competitive Priorities in Operations Management, D.Sharma, Ward, , 1998

29. Making Supply Meet Demand in An Uncertain WorId, Fisher, A.Raman, J.H.Hammond, , 1994

30. What is the right Supply Chain for Your Product?, L.F.Marshall, What is The Right Supply Chain for Your Product?, , 1997

31. Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay, Glenview, Perrow, "Complex Organizations: A Critical Essay, , 1972

32. Value of Information of Capacitated Supply Chains, Gavirneni, S.Tayur, R.Kapuscinski, , 1999

33. A Framework for Analyzing Supply Chain Improvement, New, , 1996

34. Social network analysis : methods and applications, Wasserman, Stanley, Cambridge University Press, Social Network Analysis: Methods and Applications, , 1994

35. Momentum and Revolution in Organizational Adaptation, P.H.Friesen, Miller, , 1980

36. Perceptual Measures of Performance: Fact or Fiction?, Ketoviki, R.G.Schroeder, , 2004

37. Customer-Order Information, Leadtimes, and Inventories, Hariharan, "Customer-Order Information, , 1995

38. Mail and internet surveys : the tailored design method, Dillman, Don A., J. Wiley, , 2000

39. A Complex Adaptive Systems Model of Organization Change, Dooley, , 1997

40. Exploration and Exploitation in Organizational Learning, March, , 1991

41. Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity, Reading, Holland, "Hidden Order: How Adaptation Builds Complexity, , 1995

42. Supply Chain Benefits from Advanced Customer Commitments, Gilbert, R.H.Ballou, , 1999

43. Adaptation: A Promising Metaphor for Strategic Management, Chakravarthy, , 1982

44. Dynamic Manufacturing: Creating the learning organization, Clark K.B, Wheelwright, Heyes, Dynamic Manufacturing: Creating The Learning Organization, , 1988

45. Organizing and leading “heavyweight”development teams, Wheelwright, Clark, , 1992

46. Self-ReportsinOrganizationalResearch:ProblemsandProspects, Organ, Podsakoff, , 1986

47. Automatic Replenishment Programs: An Empirical Examination, C.W.Autry, Daugherty, , 1999

48. Machine That Changed The World: The Story of Lean Production, D.T.Jones, Womack, D.Roos, , 1994

49. Competing on Capabilities: The New Rolesof Corporate Strategy, Schulman, Stalk, , 1992

50. Industry Clockspeed: Measurement and Operational Implications, Mendelson, R.R.Pillai, , 1999

51. Information Distortion in A Supply Chain: The Bullwhip Effect, S.Whang, V.Padmnabhan, Lee, , 1997

52. Insight into Service Operations Management: A Research Agenda, A.V.Roth, Menor, , 2003

53. Making Fast Strategic Decisions in High Velocity Environments, Eisenhardt, , 1989

54. The antecedents of buying firm's efforts to improve suppliers, Krause, , 1999

55. Dimensions of manufacturing strength in the furniture industry, Markland, Vickery, , 1997

56. Landscape Design; Designing for Local Action in Complex Worlds, M.Warglien, Levinthal, , 1999

57. New Service Development: Areas for Exploitation and Exploration, S.E.Sampson, M.T.Tatikonda, Menor, , 2002

58. Manufacturing's Crisis: New Technologies, Obsolete Organizations, R.Jaikumar, Hayes, "Manufacturing’s Crisis: New Technologies, , 1988

59. Restoring our competitive edge : competing through manufacturing, Hayes, Robert H, Wiley, Restoring Our Competitive Edge: Competing through Manufacturing, , 1984

60. Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation, Cohen, D.A.Levinthal, , 1990

61. The Impact of Electronic Data Interchange on Delivery Performance, Ahmad, R.G.Schroeder, , 2001

62. The Service Concept: The Missing Link in Service Design Research?, R.Johnston, J.Rao, Goldstein, , 2002

63. A Survey of Just-in-Time Purchasing Practices in The United States, Freel, , 1991

64. Stages of Global Sourcing Strategy Evolution: An Exploratory Study, A.Das, Bozarth, R.H, field, , 1998

65. Technology as A Complex Adaptive System: Evidence Firm Patent Data, Fleming, O.Sorenson, , 2001

66. The Quark and The Jaguar: Adventures in The Simple and The Complex, Gell-Mann, , 1994

67. Adapt or Die: Transforming Your Supply Chain into A Business Network, B.Betts, Heinrich, , 2003

68. Arcs of Integration An International Study of Supply Chain Strategies, Frohlich, , 2001

69. An Exploration of Supplier Selection Practices across The Supply Chain, Choi, , 1996

70. Supply Networks and Complex Adaptive Systems: Control Versus Emergence, M.Rungmanatham, M.J.Dooley, Choi, , 2001

71. The Strategic Use of Integrated Manufacturing: An Empirical Examination, S.A.Snell, Dean, , 1996

72. LISREL 8: Structural Equation Modeling with the SIMPLIS Command Language, J?reskog, Sorbom, , 1997

73. Purchasing and Supply Management: Trends and Changes Throughout The 1990s, R.M.Monczka, Trent, , 1998

74. Agility in Retail Banking: A Numerical Taxonomy of Strategic Service Groups, C.H.Mason, Menor, , 2001

75. Management Supply Chain Demand Variability with Scheduled Ordering Policies, Cachon, , 1999

76. The Quest for Empowering Organizations: Some Lessons from Our Foraging Past, Ehin, , 1995

77. The Social Constitution of Trust: Supplier Relations in Britain and Germany, R.Bachmann, Lane, , 1996

78. A Longitudinal Study of The Determinants and Effects of Executive Succession, Tushman, E.Romanelli, , 1985

79. Strategically Managed Buyer- Supplier Relationships and Performance Outcomes, Carr, Pearson, , 1999

80. The Platform Organization: Recombining Strategies, Structures, and Surprises, Ciborra, "The Platform Organization: Recombining Strategies, , 1996

81. Neo-Operations Strategy: Linking Capabilities Based Competition to Technology, Roth, , 1996

82. Toward the Flexible Form: How to Remain Vital inHypercompetitive Environments, Volberda, Toward The Flexible Form: How to Remain Vital in Hypercompetitive Environments, , 1996

83. Total quality management as competitive advantage: a review andempirical study, Powell, Total Quality Management as Competitive Advantage: A Review and Empirical Study, , 1995

84. A New Framework for Supply Chain Management: Conceptual Model and Empirical Test, M.Perona, Cigolini, M.Cozzi, , 2004

85. Asset Restructuring and Business Group Affiliation in French Civil Law Countries, R.Faraci, Hoskisson, , 2004

86. World class manufacturing: aninvestigation of Hayes and Wheelwright's foundation, Flynn, , 1999

87. At home in the universe : the search for laws of self-organization and complexity, Kauffman, Stuart A, Oxford University Press, , 1996

88. Production Competence and Business Strategy: Do They Affect Business Performance?, C.Droge, R.E.Markl, Vickery, , 1993

89. The Power of Virtual Integration: An Interview with Dell Computer’s Michae1 Den, Magretta, , 1998

90. An Empirical Investigation of Supplier Development: Reactive and Strategic Process, Krause, , 1998

91. Corporate Entrepreneurship and Strategic Management: Insights from a Process Study, Burgelman, , 1983

92. Towards A Theory of Competitive Progression: Evidence from High-tech Manufacturing, A.V.Roth, Rosenzweig, , 2004

93. Defining supply chain management: a historical perspective and practical guidelines, Vokurka, , 1999

94. Integrated Manufacturing and Human Resource Management: A Human Capital Perspective, Snell, J.W.Jr.Dean, , 1992

95. Exploitation exploration, and process management: The productivity dilemma revisited, Benner M, "Exploitation, , 2003

96. Just-in-Time Sourcing Techniques: Current State of Adoption and Performance Benefits, Fawcett, L.M.Birou, , 1993

97. Multiple Raters in Survey-based Operations Management Research: A Review and Tutorial, Verma, Boyer, , 2002

98. Re-engineering Channel Reordering Processes to Improve Total Supply Chain Performance, J.H.Hammond, Clark, , 1997

99. The Science of Complexity : An Alternative Perspectivefor Strategic Change Processes', Stacey R.D, The Science of Complexity: An Alternative Perspective for Strategic Change Processes, , 1995

100. Structural equation modeling with AMOS : basic concepts, applications, and programming, Byrne, Barbara M, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, "Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS: Basic Concepts, , 2001

101. Technological Paradigms, Patterns of Learning and Development: An Introductory Roadmap, Cimoli, G.Dosi, "Technological Paradigms, , 1995

102. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error, Fomell C. and Larcker D.F, Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error, , 1981

103. Supply-Chain Management and Time-based Competition: The Role of The Supplier Association, Rich, P.Hines, , 1997

104. Why Should Marketing and Manufacturing Work Together? Some Exploratory Empirical Results, Hausman, W. H, A.V.Roth, Hausman, D.B.Montgomery, , 2002

105. Supporting Quick Response Though Scheduling of Make-to-Stock Production/Inventory Systems, Johnson, G.Scudder, , 1999

106. Partialling Factor Scores Does Not Control Method Variance: A Reply to Podsakoff and Todor, Kemery, W.P.Dunlap, , 1986

107. Prolegomena on Coevolution: A Framework for Research on Strategy and New Organizational Forms, Lewin, H.W.Volberda, , 1999

108. Unveiling The Structure of Supply Networks: Case Studies in Honda, Acura, and DaimlerChrysler, Y.Hong, Choi, "Unveiling The Structure of Supply Networks: Case Studies in Honda, , 2002

109. International Technology and Operations Management: Resource Toolkit for Research and Teaching, Roth, A.Gray, K.Singhal, , 1997

110. Supply-based Strategies, Human Resource Initiatives, Procurement Leadtime, and Firm Performance, S.K.Vickery, Jayaram, "Supply-based Strategies, , 1998

111. A Resource-based View of Manufacturing Strategy and The Relationship to Manufacturing Performance, Schroeder.R.G, M.A.Junttila, , 2002

112. Designing Economic Agents that Act Like Human Agents: A Behavioral Approach to Bounded Rationality, Arthur, , 1991

113. Demand Chain Management in Manufacturing and Services: Web-based Integration, Drivers and Performance, Frohlich, "Demand Chain Management in Manufacturing and Services: Web-based Integration, , 2002

114. Causal Linkages In Supply Chain Management: An Exploratory Study of North American Manufacturing Firms, Narasimhan, , 1998

115. Effects of Best Practices of Environmental Managementon Cost Advantage: the Role of Complementary Assets, Christmann, , 2000

116. Special Research Focus on Supply Chain Linkage Chanllenege for Design and Management in the 21th Century, Venkatramanan, Mabert, , 1998

117. Strategy and Environment as Determinants of Performance: Evidence from The Japanese Machine Tool Industry, Kotha, A.Nair, , 1995

118. Command Method Biases in Behavioral Research: A Critical Review of The Literature and Recommended Remedies, Podsakoff, N.Y.Podsakoff, , 2003

119. Influencing a Supplier Using Delivery Windows: Its Effect on The Variance of Flow Time and On-Time Delivery, Grout, , 1998

120. Intraorganizational Ecology of Strategic-Making and Organizational Adaptation: Theory and Field Research Ⅰ, Burgelman, , 1991

121. Linking Quality Management to Manufacturing Strategy: An Empirical Investigation of Customer Focus Practices, Sousa, , 2003

122. Managing The On-line Classroom: A Study of Technological and Behavioral Characteristics of Web-based MBA Course, Arbaugh, , 2002

123. A Definition of Theory: Research Guidelines for Different Theory-building Research Methods in Operations management, Wacker, , 1998

124. The Evolution of Intracorporate Domains: Divisional Charter Losses in High-technology, Multidivisional Corporations, K.M.Eisenhardt, Galunic, "The Evolution of Intracorporate Domains: Divisional Charter Losses in High-technology, , 1996

125. The Art of Continuous Change: Linking Complexity Theory and Time-paced Evolution in Relentlessly Shifting Organizations, K.M.Eisenhardt, Brown, , 1997

126. CRM이 고객의 행동의도에 미치는 영향 : 고객의 지각된 관계적 편익과 관계몰입의 매개적 역할, 이학식, 임지훈, 한국경영학회, CRM이 고객의 행동의도에 미치는 영향: 고객의 지각된 관계적 편익과 관계몰입의 매개적 역할, , 2003

127. Environmental Management and Operations: Introduction to Part 2 (Integrating Operations and Environmental Management Systems), Corbett, , 2001

128. Measuring organizational performance in the absence of objective measures: The case of the privately-held firm and conglomerate business unit, Dess, Robinson, Measuring Organizational Performance in The Absence of Objective Measures: The Case of The Privately-Held Firm and Conglomerate Business Unit, , 1984

129. The influence of anintegration strategy on competitive capabilities and businessperformance: An exploratory study of consumer productsmanufacturers, Dean, Rosenzweig, , 2003

130. Inf1uence of Knowledge-based Resource Variety and Process Flexibility on Product Innovation: Empirical Evidence from North American and European Manufactures, A.V.Roth, M.M.Kristal, Menor, , 2003