Mixed land-use is a major means for sustainable cities and low-carbon, green-growth cities. It enables efficient urban transport and energy consumption. Mixed land-use is commonly classified into horizontal land-use mix and vertical land-use mix. Each...
Mixed land-use is a major means for sustainable cities and low-carbon, green-growth cities. It enables efficient urban transport and energy consumption. Mixed land-use is commonly classified into horizontal land-use mix and vertical land-use mix. Each refers to mixed-use on flat surface and vertical clusters. In compact cities such as the Seoul Metropolitan Area, it is necessary to consider not only the horizontal range but also the vertical range in terms of land-use. However, previous studies have mainly limited their criteria to horizontal land-use mix. Also, studies comparing the effects of the two types of land-use mix on travel behavior are still yet to be explored.
The purpose of this study is to define the concepts of a horizontal and vertical land-use mix and to analyze the effect of mixed land-use on daily travel distance. First, the study calculated the horizontal and vertical land-use mix index for each administrative district by using the building floor-use data. Horizontal land-use mix, measured by the Entropy Index using weighted floor-use data, is defined at the level of mixed land-use in horizontal scope within the administrative district. Vertical land-use mix, measured using Gini Coefficient, is defined through the distribution(evenness) of complex-use building. Then, the study constructed the multi-level regression model using the travel data from the 2016 Household Travel Diary Survey to verify the effects of individual and regional characteristics. Individual characteristics include gender, age, occupation, etc., and regional characteristics include the indices of horizontal and vertical land-use mix.
As a result of the analysis, both horizontal and vertical land-use mix had a statistically significant correlation with weekday daily travel distance and commuting travel distance. Meanwhile, only vertical land-use mix was statistically significant for daily(non-commuting) purpose travel, and both land-use mix indices were not significant in the weekend model. Next, the degree of influence of each index on travel was compared through the marginal effect. In the daily travel distance model, the effect of vertical land-use mix was 1.18 times higher than that of horizontal land-use mix, whereas in the commuting model, the effect of horizontal land-use mix was 1.44 times higher than that of vertical land-use mix.
According to these results, each type of mixed land-use have different influences on travel behavior by purpose. So, it is necessary to consider these in land-use planning or transportation planning. Recently, the need for flexibility of the zoning system has been actively discussed. These results can be a basic study for the development and management of sustainable cities and desirable land-use mix strategies.