16·17세기 中央醫療機構의 運營實態 = The Actual management of the Central Medical Institutions in 16~17 Century

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

As a part of policy to realize the kingly rule(王政) or benevolent administration(仁政) that was a political idea of the doctrines of Chu-tzu～, a national ideology of Chosun dynasty, a medical service policy was leading by the government centered on Sam Eui Sa(三醫司). And it should be noted that Hae Min Sae(惠民署), a medical institution, was built at that time, even though its status was not so high in Sam Eui Sa(三醫司). It was resulted from the recognition on the importance of the medical service for the people, while in Koryo(高麗) dynasty the medical service had taken effect generally focused on the capital city and the aristocratic class by Do Gam(都監), a provisional medical institution. Though there was no doubt that the medical service was still taking effect focused on the capital city, the government was making efforts to some extent to provide of a local medical system.
In actual fact, however, the administration of the medical service was not for the people. Even though Hae Min Sae(惠民署), one of Sam Eui Sa(三醫司) which is found in Kyeng Gook Dae Jeun(經國大典), was a medical institution of Chosun dynasty, each institution(司) was operating its own pharmacy. Although the government officials were provided Jeun Eui Gam(典醫監), since the late period of 15th century the organizations in the heart of the power, i.e. Chung Hun Bu(忠勳府), Eui Jeung Bu(議政府), and Eeuk Jo(六曹), was extending the operation of its own pharmacy. Since the early period of 16th century, in each institution(各司), the establishment of its own pharmacy was spreading, and after both the Wars such aspect was never changed yet.
Especially, even though continued famine and outbreak of plague after the War were demanding much more of the counterplans of the government, the operation of Hae Min Sae(惠民署) was getting worse and worse because of the over extension of each institution(各司)'s pharmacy. The government, however, did not only provide fundamental counterplans, but also controled to held down the activity of the common people's medical treatment, i.e. the private pharmacy mutual union(私藥契). It was the result form that the medical system of Chosun dynasty was depended on the government's administration. The situation that the government could not lead the medical system for the people was opening.
In such situation, the medical institution of Chosun dynasty was loosing its own function, ironically that was a chance for the growth of the common people's medical system. After that time each institution(各司)'s pharmacy was still alive at the late period of Chosun dynasty, furthermore, the medical system of the government's administration was changed only for the governing classes at that time.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 머리말
• Ⅱ. 對民醫療機構의 운영실태
• 1. 惠民署의 운영
• 2. 惠民署 藥材 부족의 심화
• Ⅲ. 各司藥房의 설치와 운영
• 1. 各司藥房의 설치와 확대
• 2. 各司藥房의 운영
• Ⅳ. 各司藥房 확대의 영향
• 1. 中央士族 중심의 醫療運營
• 2. 藥房 관련 醫書의 편찬
• Ⅴ. 맺음말