돈황 332굴 석가설법도 고찰 = A study on the Scene of Buhhda`s preaching, Dunhwang cave 332

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

DunHwang Magao Cave 332, from Wu Zeitan era during Tang Dynasty, was constructed in the year 698 and considered highly valuable for its historical research data. Inside of the main hall of the Cave 332, three sets of large Standing Buddha Triad are molded on all walls except the wall towards the exit, and such arrangement and composition inherit a traditional approach represented throughout the Sui Dynasty. At the same time, the internal composition and modalities display a combined expression of Preaching Buddha and BeinShang Illustration of the Sutra, indicating a new breed of DunHwang mural development. The painting of Preaching at the Mt. Grdhra-kuta and the painting of Buddha Triad and Fifty Bodhisattva are the two most famous mural paintings in this cave, located on two walls facing the east. These two pieces of painting reflect the Vairocana (Buddha of the Eternal Truth) preaching to the Bodhisattvas and its recognition as the main preacher of Lotus Sutra in a surrounding of the Mt. Grdhra-kuta and Lotus pond. This article illustrates those three paintings inside of the main hall Cave 332, the painting of Preaching at the Mt. Grdhra-Kuta, the painting of Fifty Bodhisattva at Lotus Pond and the painting of Avalokitesvara, as interpretations of the introductory chapter, Devadatta, and Avalokitesvara, respectively. Furthermore, the painting of Nirvana located on the south end of the wall is interpreted as a physician helping his son, and the painting Thousand Buddha on the ceiling is also interpreted as an illustration of Sutra of Lotus. The ideological background on Sutra of Lotus, which recognizes the Book of Sermon as the immortal preaching, can partially viewed through Buddha inside of Cave 332 painting spouting in a form of Dharma Cakra Mudra on a lotus seat from the inside of Lotus Pond.

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 김현정, "초기불교미술에서 석가여래 설법도상의 연원과 변천" 동악미술사학회 (8) : 7-33, 2007

2 한지연, "서역에서의 법화신앙 전개 ─천산남로와 양주를 중심으로" 불교학연구회 31 : 105-137, 2012

3 世親, "묘법연화경우바제사"

4 박경훈, "묘법연화경 해제" 동국대학교 역경원

5 道宣, "集神州三寶感通錄"

6 宮治昭, "舍衛城の神變と大乘佛敎美術の起源" 名古屋大學大學院 文學硏究科 美術美術史硏究室 20 : 2002

7 "經律異相"

8 敦煌文物硏究所, "敦煌莫高窟" 平凡社

9 오지연, "敦煌寫本 『妙法蓮華經』異本에 관한 고찰" 불교학연구회 25 : 165-201, 2010

10 "妙法蓮華經"

11 龍樹, "大智度論"

12 "大方廣如來藏經"

13 "大寶積經"

14 段文傑, "唐代前期の莫高窟藝術" 敦煌文物硏究所

15 "佛說無量壽佛經"