일본 야요이시대 연대 문제에 대하여 = Some Considerations on the New Dates Proposed for the Beginning of the Yayoi Period in Japan

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

In 2003, a team from the National Museum of Japanese History announced that the beginning date of the Yayoi Period could be four or five hundred years earlier than that established for the current chronology. Based on the results of the Accelerator Mass Spectromtry(AMS) analysis of carbonized material found on pottery, they argued that the initial Yayoi Period began around the late 10th century BC, and the early Yayoi Period at around the early 9th century BC. The Japanese archaeology community has reacted with surprise, and opinions have been divided regarding these results.
Although this new position still contains some problems, it is gradually permeating the current understanding of Yayoi chronology, and it is expected that this new chronological framework will ultimately be accepted in Japanese archaeology in the near future. Consequently, this will mean that Korean archaeologists will also have to reconsider the way in which Bronze Age chronology has been structured around relative dates, and incorporate radiocarbon dates into their chronological understanding. If this does not take place, then we could be left with a situation in which it may even come to be suggested that the Bronze Age culture of Korea was influenced by the Japanese Yayoi culture.
Chronology merely provides the framework within which archaeological interpretation can take place. Therefore, our understanding of past archaeological culture must, above all, be based on a secure chronology. As such, it can be said that the key archaeological issue for this period in not when the Yayoi period began, but rather how agriculture emerged and developed in Northeast Asia.
Finally, the integrated nature of this research undertaken by Japanese archaeologists must be applauded. Such cooperation between scientists and archaeologists, and the active use of scientific analysis, will also be essential to the development of Korean archaeology.

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