開設藥師와 病院藥師의 健康生活 및 職務滿足度와 關聯要因 硏究 = A Survey Research on Health Behaviors and Affecting Factors on the Job Satisfaction of Pharmacists Working at Community Pharmacy and Hospital Pharmacy

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the health behaviors and affecting factors on job satisfaction of pharmacists working at community pharmacy and hospital pharmacy. Subjects served for this study consisted of 1,180 pharmacists including 844 pharmacists working at community pharmacy and 336 hospital pharmacists. Data were collected through questionnaire survey for 4 months from 1st May to 31st August in the year 1998.
The data analysis such as frequency(%) and correlation analysis, etc. were conducted with SPSS-PC program. The significance difference between groups were evaluated by X^(2)-test and students' t-test, and the p values which were less than 0.05 mean significantly different between groups.
The results were as follows :
1. The general characteristics among at the subjects showed that the pharmacists working at community pharmacy are predominantly more male(M : F ratio ＝ 54.1 : 45.9), higher age, and higher married status than hospital pharmacists who are predominantly more female(M：F ratio ＝ 9.2：90.8). Also the pharmacists working at community pharmacy described that they have more concerns on their own health status, exercises and drug medications for healthy life, but showed higher frequency of smoking and alcohol drinking rather than hospital pharmacists.
2. The job satisfactions of the pharmacists working at community pharmacy were influenced by several factors such as their own healths, family-member, good residential environment, good relationship with their neighborhood, and community activites. On the other hand, the job satisfactions of hospital pharmacists were increased according to higher age, married status, and the longer working career. The comparison of the job satisfactions between two group showed that hospital pharmacists responded positively to the levels of self-developments, work loads, working times, and incomes, but they were negative to acknowledgements to their job professional levels from others.
3. The positive factors related to job satisfactions among the pharmacists working at community pharmacy were higher incomes, proper work loads, speciality perceived by themselves, the levels of self-developments, and good acknowledgements to their job professional levels from others. But those among hospital pharmacists were the levels of self-developments, work loads, speciality perceived by themselves, working times and incomes in these orders.
4. The comparison of the correlations between job satisfactions and the factors of two group showed that in case of the pharmacists working at community pharmacy, the important factors were incomes, the levels of self-developments, work loads, acknowledgements to their job professional levels from others and age levels. And incomes was lower-level factor on job satisfactions.
5. Pharmacists who managed always their physical fitness showed the higher levels in job satisfactions than the pharmacists who did not.
From the results of this study, it was found that the job satisfactions of the pharmacists were influenced by work loads, the levels of self-developments, speciality perceived by themselves and acknowledgements to their job professional levels perceived by themselves. And it was recommended that the managing authorities should build up the facilities for physical fitness and welfare facilities for the employee, and offer the employee chance of self-actualization through education and information supply of clinical pharmacy.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

本 硏究는 藥局開設藥師와 病院勤務藥師의 健康生活 및 職務滿足度와 그 關聯 影響 要因을 調査하고자 全國 각 地域의 開設藥師 844명과 病院藥師 336명을 對象으로 1998년 5월 1일부터 8월 31일까지 4개월간 設問調査를 한 바 그 結果는 다음과 같다.
調査 對象者의 特性別 分布를 보면 開設藥師는 男子의 비율이 높고(男 : 女 = 54.1% : 45.9%) 年齡도 高齡層이 많으며 旣婚의 비율도 높았다. 반면 病院藥師는 특기할 정도로 女子의 비율이 높고 (男 : 女 = 9.2% : 90.8%) 年齡은 低年齡層이, 結婚 狀態에서는 未婚의 비율이 높고, 勤務年限도 짧았다. 開設藥師의 경우 藥局과 한 건물에 居住하는 사람이 16.6%나 되었고 藥局과의 交通便이 便利하고 이웃 住民들과 和睦한 편이 病院藥師보다 높았다. 또한 開設藥師는 健康에 관한 관심도가 높아 健康 知識 습득을 위해 적극적으로 努力하고 실제 健康 運動을 많이 하며 營養劑 및 補藥을 服用하는 사람의 비율이 病院藥師에서보다 월등히 높았고, 吸煙 및 飮酒 비율도 높았다.
開設藥師는 自身이 健康할수록, 家族간에 和睦하고 家庭에서 스트레스를 받지 않을수록, 居住 環境에 滿足하고 이웃과 和睦하며 地域社會 活動을 적극적으로 할수록, 睡眠이 充分하고, 健康·運動을 많이 하며 健康에 관한 知識 습득 및 스트레스 해소를 위해 적극적으로 努力할수록 職務滿足度 水準이 높았다. 病院藥師는 年齡이 들수록, 未婚보다는 旣婚일수록, 家族간에 和睦할수록, 居住 環境에 滿足할수록 그리고 勤務年限이 길수록 職務滿足度의 水準이 높았다.
두 職種의 職務滿足度를 비교해 보면 病院藥師는 開設藥師에 비하여 自己 發展의 程度, 業務量, 勤務時間, 收入 등에 관하여서는 긍정적이었으나 他人으로부터의 業務의 專門性 認定에 있어서는 다소 긍정적이지 않았다.
職務滿足度에 대한 影響 要因은 開設藥師의 경우 職務 關聯으로는 收入, 業務量, 專門職 認定度, 自己 發展의 程度, 專門性 認定의 순이며 그 외 特性別로는 地域社會 活動, 居住 環境 滿足度, 스트레스 해소 努力 및 藥局의 規模 순이었다. 病院藥師의 경우 職務 關聯으로는 自己 發展의 程度, 業務量, 專門性 및 專門職 認定度, 勤務時間, 收入의 순이고, 그 외 特性別로는 年齡, 居住 環境 滿足度 등이었다.
職務滿足度 影響 要因간의 相關關係를 보면 開設藥師는 收入이 가장 큰 要因이었고 다음이 다른 職業으로의 轉換 희망, 自己 發展의 程度, 業務量, 藥師 職業의 專門職 認定度 등이었으며, 病院藥師는 業務量이 가장 큰 要因이었고 다음이 自己 發展의 程度, 勤務時間, 藥局 業務의 專門性에 대한 他人의 認定, 年齡의 순으로 職務滿足度에 影響을 미치는 要因간에 相關性이 있었다.
開設藥師와 病院藥師의 健康生活 特性에 있어서 健康 運動을 하고 健康 知識에 관한 관심도가 높을수록 職務滿足度가 높으므로 運動 施設이나 與件을 마련하는 등 厚生福祉 向上을 위한 努力이 필요하다고 생각된다.
또한 開設藥師와 病院藥師 모두에서 業務量, 自己 發展의 程度, 專門職 및 專門性 認定이 職務滿足度에 큰 影響을 미치고 있으므로 關聯機關 또는 團體에서는 業務量, 勤務時間, 報酬가 적절하게 주어질 수 있도록 努力하고, 職務滿足度를 긍정적으로 發展시키기 위하여 業務에서 專門性을 認定받아 自我實現을 이룰 수 있도록 臨床藥學 등의 職務 關聯 敎育과 情報 提供이 필요하다고 생각된다.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 目次 = i
• 表目次 = iv
• 그림 目次 = v
• 論文 槪要 = vi
• Ⅰ. 序論 = 1
• 1. 硏究 背景 및 必要性 = 1
• 2. 硏究 目的 = 5
• Ⅱ. 職務滿足과 動機附輿에 관한 理論的 背景 = 7
• 1. 動機附輿와 理論 = 7
• 1) Maslow의 欲求段階說(need hierarchy theory) = 8
• 2) Alderfer의 ERG 理論 = 9
• 3) Herzberg의 二要因 理論 = 10
• 2. 職務滿足 = 12
• 1) 職務滿足의 意義 = 12
• 2) 職務滿足과 組織 行動上의 重要性 = 14
• Ⅲ. 硏究 方法 = 17
• 1. 調査 對象 = 17
• 2. 調査 方法 및 期間 = 19
• 3. 調査 道具 및 內容 = 19
• 4. 資料 處理 및 分析 = 22
• 5. 硏究의 分析模型 = 22
• Ⅳ. 調査結果 및 考察 = 24
• 1. 調査 對象者의 特性別 分布 = 24
• 1) 一般 特性 = 24
• 2) 家族 特性 = 26
• 3) 生活環境 特性 = 28
• 4) 健康生活 特性 = 28
• 2. 藥師의 職務滿足度 = 32
• 1) 開設藥師와 病院藥師의 職務滿足度 比較 = 32
• 2) 開設藥師의 職務漏足度 水準 = 35
• (1) 一般 特性別 = 35
• (2) 家族 特性別 = 35
• (3) 生活環境 特性別 = 35
• (4) 健康生活 特性別 = 39
• 3) 病院藥師의 職務滿足度 水準 = 41
• (1) 一般 特性別 = 41
• (2) 家族 特性別 = 41
• (3) 生活環境 特性別 = 43
• (4) 勤務環境 特性別 = 46
• (5) 健康生活 特性別 = 46
• 3. 職務滿足度에 대한 影響要困 = 50
• 1) 開設藥師 = 50
• 2) 病院藥師 = 53
• 4. 職務滿足度 影響要因간의 相關關係 = 56
• 1) 開設藥師 = 56
• 2) 病院藥師 = 58
• Ⅴ. 要約 및 結論 = 62
• 1. 要約 = 62
• 2. 結論 및 提言 = 64
• 3. 硏究의 制限點 = 67
• 參考文獻 = 68
• ABSTRACT = 78
• 부록 = 81
• 感謝의 글 = 92